Background Hypertension (HT) and dyslipidemia (DL) are the risk factors for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and end-stage renal disease in SLE patients ¹⁾. Neither disease activity nor chronic damage were associated with the metabolic syndrome in SLE patients ²⁾ and there were few reports about the risk factors of HT and DL in Japanese SLE patients.

Objectives We aimed to describe a prevalence of HT and DL and to identify the risk factor of HT and DL in Japanese SLE patients.

Methods All SLE patients visited at Showa University Hospital and Okayama University Hospital from January 2016 to September 2016, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. SLE patients who satisfied American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were included. HT was defined as usage of anti-HT drugs and DL was defined as usage of anti-DL drugs. We performed descriptive statistics and binomial logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors of HT and DL. Variables considered possible risk factors were BMI, drinking status, smoking status (current smoking), current daily dose of glucocorticoids, past maximum dose of glucocorticoids, lupus nephritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC/ACR-DI).

Results In total, 244 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 46.2±15.3 years, and 222 (91%) were female. The mean current daily dosage of glucocorticoids was 6.7±5.9 mg, and the mean SLEDAI-2K was 5.0±5.2 and the mean SLICC/ACR-DI was 1.3±1.7. The prevalence of HT and DL were 29.1% (71/244) and 22.1% (54/244). Both HT and DL were confirmed in 11.9% (29/244) patients. On binomial logistic regression analysis, BMI (regression coefficients (β)= -0.095; 95% confidential interval (CI) = -0.173 to -0.020), drinking status (β =0.443; 95% CI =0.000 to 0.879), past maximum dosage of glucocorticoids (β= -0.018; 95% CI = -0.036 to -0.004) and lupus nephritis (β= -0.727; 95% CI =0.230 to 1.241) were identified as the significant independent risk factors of HT. On the other hand, only age (β= -0.030; 95% CI = -0.055 to -0.006) was identified as the independent risk factor of DL. There was no independent risk factor of having both DL and HT.

Conclusions Our results could help to identify patients at higher risk of HT and DL.

References

1. Hsin-Hui Yu. et al. Statin reduces mortality and morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with hyperlipidemia: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Atherosclerosis. 2015;243:11–18.

2. Cecilia P Chung. Et al. High prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: association with disease characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:208–214.

References

Disclosure of Interest None declared