You are here

Article Text

Article menu

Download PDFPDF

2. Pre-disease—What happens before diagnosis?
A novel flow cytometric approach reveals abundant CD8+ T cell derived microvesicles in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid samples
Free
  1. Bence Gyorgy1,
  2. Matthew Wright2,
  3. Gyorgy Nagy1,3,
  4. Kalman Toth4,
  5. Anna Polgar5,
  6. Gergo Zelenak6,
  7. Istvan Borocz6,
  8. Lilla Turiak7,
  9. Petra Herczeg1,
  10. Zsigmond Ledeczi1,
  11. Beata Derfalvi8,
  12. Karoly Vekey7,
  13. Agnes Kittel9,
  14. Steffen Gay10,
  15. Andras Falus1,
  16. Edit I Buzas1
  1. 1Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  2. 2NanoSight, Amesbury, UK
  3. 3Department of Rheumatology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  4. 4Department of Orthopaedics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
  5. 5Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
  6. 6Department of Orthopedics, National Health Institute, Budapest, Hungary
  7. 7Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Chemical Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
  8. 8Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  9. 9Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
  10. 10Center for Experimental Rheumatology, Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, USZ, Zürich, Switzerland

Abstract

Backgroundand objectives Microvesicle (MV) secretion represents an evolutionally conserved feature of all living cells. The assessment of MVs may give insight into the pathomechanism of various disorders. Furthermore, it may serve as potential novel biomarker of disease. However, the characterisation of MVs in body fluids has not been fully standardised yet, and there are numerous pitfalls that hinder the correct assessment of MVs. Previously, the authors developed a ‘differential detergent lysis’ method to exclude MV-mimicking protein aggregates and immune complexes during flow cytometry. Using our novel method here the authors analysed synovial fluid (SF) derived MVs.

Materials and methods The authors tested plasma and SF samples of patients with osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The authors used electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) to determine the particle size distributions in SF samples. The authors also applied mass spectrometry to determine the MV protein composition in SFs. To immune phenotype SF MVs, the authors applied flow cytometry using ‘differential detergent lysis’ method.

Results The different techniques gave concordant results regarding the size distribution of MVs in SF samples (80–400 nm). However, NTA analysis and MS revealed that most of the events were related to protein aggregates rather than cell-derived vesicles. Using our novel flow cytometric approach, the authors demonstrate for the first time that CD3+ and CD8+ T cell derived SF MVs are highly elevated in SFs of patients with RA compared to OA patients (p=0.027 and p=0.009, respectively after Bonferroni corrections). In contrast, T cell derived MVs were undetectable in the blood plasma of patients with OA or RA. B cell and T cell derived MV counts strongly correlated with rheumatoid factor positivity in RA (r=0.912, p=0.002 and r=0.956, p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusions The correct assessment of MVs in RA suggests local CD8+ T cell activation in the joints and may shed light on hidden immunpathological processes of this disease.

https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201231.3

Statistics from Altmetric.com

    Request Permissions

    If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.