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Inflammatory cytokines in cancer: tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 6 take the stage
  1. Sergei I Grivennikov,
  2. Michael Karin
  1. Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Michael Karin, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; karinoffice{at}ucsd.edu

Abstract

Up to 20% of all cancers arise in association with chronic inflammation and most, if not all, solid tumours contain inflammatory infiltrates. Immune cells have a broad impact on tumour initiation, growth and progression and many of these effects are mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. Among these cytokines, the pro-tumourogenic function of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) is well established. The role of TNF and IL-6 as master regulators of tumour-associated inflammation and tumourigenesis makes them attractive targets for adjuvant treatment in cancer

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Footnotes

  • Funding This work was supported by Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA #2693) to SG and the National Institutes of Health and the American Association for Cancer Research to MK, who is an American Cancer Society research professor.

  • Competing interests None.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.