Autoimmunity, defined as the presence of autoreactive T and/or B lymphocytes in the
periphery, is a frequent and probably even physiological condition. It is mainly caused by the …

Objective Experimental and human data suggest that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockade
may affect B cell responses, in particular the induction of T cell-dependent (TD) humoral …

Objective The association of HLA–DRB1 alleles with anti–citrullinated protein antibodies
(ACPAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggests the potential involvement of T lymphocytes in …

The 16th Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (16th WRIB) took place in Atlanta, GA,
USA on September 26–30, 2022. Over 1000 professionals representing pharma/biotech …

The Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine International Society-Europe (TERMIS-
EU) Industry Committee as well as its TERMIS-Americas (AM) counterpart intend to address …

Background The tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-family members B cell activating factor (BAFF)
and A PRoliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) play important roles in B cell biology, and …

Altered Ras superfamily guanine nucleotide triphosphatase signaling may contribute to the
activation of autoreactive T cells in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus …

Objective At least two distinct signals are required for classical T cell activation:(1) the
cognate antigen presented in the context of MHC class II molecules and (2) co-stimulation …

Background Increased levels of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-ligand APRIL (A
Proliferation Inducing Ligand) were found in synovial fluid and serum of patients with …

Background Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are immunosuppressive cells that modulate immune
responses through multiple mechanisms, such as the production of IL-10 and the skewing of …