Abstract
The novel 2019 strain of coronavirus is a source of profound morbidity and mortality worldwide. Compared with recent viral outbreaks, COVID-19 infection has a relatively high mortality rate, the reasons for which are not entirely clear. Furthermore, treatment options for COVID-19 infection are currently limited. In this Perspective, we explore the contributions of the innate and adaptive immune systems to both viral control as well as toxicity during COVID-19 infections and offer suggestions to both understand and therapeutically modulate anti-COVID immunity.
© 2020 Vardhana and Wolchok.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adaptive Immunity / drug effects
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Adaptive Immunity / immunology
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Betacoronavirus / drug effects
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Betacoronavirus / immunology*
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Betacoronavirus / pathogenicity
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COVID-19
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Coronavirus Infections / immunology*
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Coronavirus Infections / pathology
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Coronavirus Infections / therapy
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Cytokine Release Syndrome / immunology
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Cytokine Release Syndrome / pathology
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Cytokine Release Syndrome / therapy
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Humans
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Hypoxia / pathology
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Hypoxia / therapy
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Immunity, Innate / drug effects
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Immunity, Innate / immunology
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Inflammation / immunology
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Inflammation / pathology
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Inflammation / therapy
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Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-6 / immunology
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Lymphopenia / immunology
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Lymphopenia / pathology
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Lymphopenia / therapy
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Macrophages / immunology
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Macrophages / pathology
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / immunology
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / pathogenicity
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Pandemics
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Pneumonia, Viral / immunology*
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Pneumonia, Viral / pathology
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Pneumonia, Viral / therapy
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Respiration, Artificial
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome / pathology
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome / therapy
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SARS-CoV-2
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / immunology
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / pathogenicity