Number of events, person years, crude and standardised incidence rates of all cancers other than NMSC and NMSC, in patients with RA treated with JAKis, non-TNFi bDMARDs or TNFi, by time since treatment initiation
| Events | Person years, no | Crude incidence rate per 1000 person-years | Standardised incidence rate per 1000 person-years | Fully adjusted HR* | |
| All cancers other than NMSC | |||||
| 0–1 year | |||||
| JAKi | 20 | 1884 | 10.6 | 9.4 | 0.96 (0.58 to 1.59) |
| Non-TNFi | 52 | 3815 | 13.6 | 11.4 | 1.11 (0.77 to 1.61) |
| TNFi | 80 | 7759 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 1–2 years | |||||
| JAKi | 8 | 1358 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 0.67 (0.32 to 1.43) |
| Non-TNFi | 36 | 3049 | 11.8 | 9.2 | 1.25 (0.80 to 1.96) |
| TNFi | 51 | 6000 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 2 or more years | |||||
| JAKi | 10 | 754 | 13.2 | 12.2 | 1.36 (0.67 to 2.75) |
| Non-TNFi | 53 | 4187 | 12.7 | 10.7 | 1.06 (0.74 to 1.53) |
| TNFi | 82 | 7363 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| NMSC | |||||
| 0–1 year | |||||
| JAKi | 24 | 1880 | 12.8 | 11.2 | 1.12 (0.70 to 1.78) |
| Non-TNFi | 40 | 3818 | 10.5 | 8.3 | 0.85 (0.57 to 1.26) |
| TNFi | 75 | 7755 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 1–2 years | |||||
| JAKi | 20 | 1338 | 14.9 | 12.8 | 1.48 (0.87 to 2.51) |
| Non-TNFi | 47 | 3041 | 15.5 | 11.8 | 1.43 (0.95 to 2.15) |
| TNFi | 51 | 5991 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 2 or more years | |||||
| JAKi | 15 | 735 | 20.4 | 18.3 | 2.12 (1.15 to 3.89) |
| Non-TNFi | 39 | 4168 | 9.4 | 7.3 | 0.86 (0.57 to 1.31) |
| TNFi | 63 | 7338 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 1.0 (Reference) |
Non-TNFI includes; rituximab; abatacept; tocilizumab. All HRs estimated from Cox models including an interaction between time since treatment initiation (0–1, 1–2, 2+ years) and treatment exposure cohort. Standardised incidence rate standardised to the age and sex distribution in the TNFi cohort.
*Fully adjusted HR: adjusted for age, sex, line of therapy, for comorbidities, SES, disease-related factors and with missing categories included for those variables with missing information.
bDMARDs, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; JAKi, Janus kinase inhibitor; NMSC, non-melanoma skin cancer; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SES, socioeconomic status; TNFi, tumour necrosis factor inhibitor.