Pregnancy outcomes of women with RA included in the PreCARA cohort (n=188) that conceived stratified for (any) TNFi use during pregnancy
| PreCARA-cohort (n=188) | TNFi use during pregnancy (n=92) | No TNFi use during pregnancy (n=96) | P value, for difference yes/no TNFi use during pregnancy | |
| Sex of the child (male), n (%) | 95 (50.8) | 53 (57.6) | 42/95 (44.2) | 0.07 |
| Birth weight, kg (SD) | 3.256 (0.56) | 3.344 (0.51) | 3.171 (0.59) | 0.03 |
| Gestational age at delivery, weeks (IQR) | 39.1 (37.8–40.1) | 39.0 (38–39.9) | 39.2 (37.7–40.4) | 0.53 |
| Birth weight SDS (SD) | - 0.096 (1.04) | 0.064 (0.99) | - 0.25 (1.06) | 0.04 |
| SGA (birth weight <p10), n (%) | 28/187 (15.0) | 9/92 (9.8) | 19/95 (20.0) | 0.05 |
| LGA (birth weight >p90), n (%) | 13/187 (7.0) | 7/92 (7.6) | 6/95 (6.3) | 0.73 |
| APGAR score (IQR) | 10 (9–10) | 10 (9–10) | 10 (9–10) | 0.99 |
| Location of delivery, n (%) | ||||
| 177/185 (95.7) 8/185 (4.3) | 89/91 (97.8) 2/91 (2.2) | 88/94 (93.6) 6/94 (6.4) | 0.16 0.16 |
| Mode of delivery, n (%) | ||||
| 77/185 (41.6) 59/185 (31.9) 49/185 (26.5) 12/49 (24.5) | 35/91 (38.5) 27/91 (29.7) 29/91 (31.9) 2/29 (6.9) | 42/94 (44.7) 32/94 (34.0) 20/94 (21.3) 10/20 (50.0) | 0.39 0.52 0.10 0.001 |
| Pregnancy complications, n (%) | ||||
| 23 (12.2) 15 (8.0) 10 (5.4) 14 (7.5) | 8 (8.7) 4 (4.4) 3 (3.3) 10 (10.9) | 15 (15.6) 11 (11.6) 7 (7.4) 4 (4.2) | 0.15 0.069 0.21 0.080 |
| Hypertensive disorders, n (%) | ||||
| 11 (5.9) 12 (6.4) | 5 (5.4) 4 (4.4) | 6 (6.3) 8 (8.3) | 0.81 0.26 |
| Congenital malformations, n (%) | 13 (6.9) | 7 (7.6) | 6 (6.3) | 0.71 |
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.
*Combined variable of both pre-existing diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus.
APGAR, APGAR score; LGA, large for gestational age; PreCARA, Preconception Counseling in Active RA; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SDS, standard deviation score; SGA, small for gestational age.