Outcomes and treatments of patients with SARD over time
| Time period | ||||||
| Overall (n=1449) | Early COVID-19 | Early treatment | Early vaccination | Additional vaccination and Delta wave | Omicron wave | |
| 1 March 2020–30 June 2020 (n=261) | 1 July 2020–31 January 2021 (n=492) | 1 February 2021–30 June 2021 (n=123) | 1 July 2021–16 December 2021 (n=172) | 17 December 2021–31 January 2022 (n=401) | ||
| Hospitalisation, n (%) | 391 (27.0) | 115 (44.1) | 142 (28.9) | 40 (32.5) | 36 (20.9) | 58 (14.5) |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 57 (3.9) | 29 (11.1) | 12 (2.4) | 6 (4.9) | 3 (1.7) | 7 (1.7) |
| Death, n (%) | 60 (4.1) | 23 (8.8) | 12 (2.4) | 9 (7.3) | 8 (4.7) | 8 (2.0) |
| Severe COVID-19* | 399 (27.5) | 119 (45.6) | 144 (29.3) | 41 (33.3) | 36 (20.9) | 59 (14.7) |
| OR | Reference | 0.49 (0.36, 0.67) | 0.60 (0.38, 0.93) | 0.32 (0.20, 0.49) | 0.21 (0.14,0.30) | |
| Adjusted OR† | Reference | 0.58 (0.41, 0.81) | 0.89 (0.54, 1.46) | 0.39 (0.24, 0.62) | 0.29 (0.19, 0.43) | |
| Treatments Received, n (%) | ||||||
| Monoclonal antibodies‡ | 183 (12.6) | 1 (0.4) | 17 (3.5) | 18 (14.6) | 86 (50.0) | 61 (15.2) |
| Remdesivir | 206 (14.2) | 18 (6.9) | 90 (18.3) | 29 (23.6) | 21 (12.2) | 48 (12.0) |
| Convalescent plasma | 7 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 5 (4.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Dexamethasone | 191 (13.2) | 11 (4.2) | 92 (18.7) | 29 (23.6) | 20 (11.6) | 39 (9.7) |
| Tocilizumab | 15 (1.0) | 11 (4.2) | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Baricitinib | 3 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) |
Bolding indicates p<0.05.
*Composite outcome of hospitalisation, mechanical ventilation or death.
†Adjusted for age, sex and race.
‡Includes bamlanivimab/etesevimab, casirivimab/imdevimab and sotrovimab. One patient received monoclonal antibodies in the Early treatment period through compassionate use prior to routine clinical availability.
SARD, systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease.