Characteristics of herpes zoster reactivation individuals following mRNA-1273 vaccination
| Diagnosis | Age (years) | Sex | Location of herpes zoster | Mucocutaneous complications | Day after vaccination/dose of primary vaccination | History of herpes zoster/prior VZV vaccination | Daily prednisolone dose (mg) | DMARDs |
| Spondyloarthritis | 58.5 | F | Left CN V2+IX | Nil | 8/1 | N/N | Nil | SSZ, HCQ, celecoxib |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 53.9 | F | Right T8 | Nil | 8/1 | N/N | 10 | HCQ |
| Hashimoto thyroiditis | 23.9 | F | Right CN V3+IX | Severe mucositis with ulcers | 9/2 | N/N | Nil | RTX, HCQ |
| Spondyloarthritis | 72.6 | M | Right L4+L5 | Toxic epidermal necrolysis | 47/1 | N/N | Nil | Etoricoxib |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 66.8 | F | Left T7 | Nil | 7/1 | N/N | 5 | HCQ, celecoxib, colchicine |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 80.7 | M | Left CN V1+V3 | Severe mucositis with ulcers | 11/1 | N/N | 5 | HCQ, colchicine |
| Spondyloarthritis | 42.1 | F | Right T3+T4 | Nil | 10/2 | Y/Y* | Nil | HCQ |
| ANCA-associated vasculitis | 74.9 | M | Right S1 | Nil | 13/1 | N/N | Nil | Nil |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 72.3 | F | Left T4 | Nil | 51/1 | N/N | Nil | MTX, HCQ |
| Mixed connective tissue disease | 64.3 | F | Left S1 | Nil | 47/1 | N/N | Nil | SSZ, HCQ, celecoxib |
*The patient received live-attenuated Zostavax vaccination.
ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; CN, cranial nerve; DMARDs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; MTX, methotrexate; N, no; RTX, rituximab; SSZ, sulfasalazine; VZV, varicella-zoster virus; Y, yes.