Immunosuppressive treatments, n | Seropositivity rate, n (%) | P value |
GC, n=130 | 86 (66) | <0.0001 |
GC monotherapy, n=13 | 10 (77) | <0.0001 |
MTX, n=176 | 148 (84) | <0.0001 |
MTX monotherapy, n=41 | 38 (92) | 0.02 |
HCQ, n=133 | 120 (90) | 0.001 |
HCQ monotherapy, n=50 | 49 (98) | 0.65 |
LEF, n=28 | 25 (89) | 0.004 |
LEF monotherapy, n=11 | 11 (100) | NA |
TNFi, n=172 | 167 (97) | 0.15 |
TNFi monotherapy, n=121 | 119 (98) | 0.48 |
TNFi +MTX, n=29 | 27 (93) | 0.04 |
IL6i, n=37 | 37 (100) | NA |
IL6i monotherapy, n=19 | 19 (100) | NA |
IL6i+MTX, n=7 | 7 (100) | NA |
Anti-CD20, n=87 | 36 (41) | <0.0001 |
Anti-CD20 monotherapy, n=28 | 11 (39) | <0.0001 |
Rituximab+MTX, n=14 | 5 (36) | <0.0001 |
IL17i, n=48 | 47 (98) | 0.63 |
IL17i monotherapy, n=37 | 37 (100) | NA |
IL17i+MTX, n=7 | 6 (85) | 0.05 |
Abatacept, n=16 | 10 (62) | <0.0001 |
Abatacept monotherapy, n=7 | 5 (71) | <0.0001 |
Abatacept+MTX, n=5 | 2 (40) | <0.0001 |
JAKi monotherapy, n=21 | 19 (90) | 0.02 |
JAK+MTX, n=24 | 22 (92) | 0.03 |
Belimumab, n=9 | 7 (77) | 0.0001 |
MMF, n=28 | 18 (64) | <0.0001 |
anti-CD20, CD20 inhibitors; GC, glucocorticoids; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; IL6i, interleukin 6 inhibitors; IL17i, interleukin 17 inhibitors; JAKi, Janus kinase inhibitors; LEF, leflunomide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MTX, methotrexate; TNFi, tumour necrosis factor inhibitors.