Clinical characteristics of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and COVID-19 outcomes
| Variable | Spondyloarthritis | Rheumatoid arthritis | Sjögren’s syndrome | Still’s disease | All RMDs |
| Number of patients | 6 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 17 |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 6 (75) | 2 (100) | 1 (100) | 11 (64.7) |
| Age at COVID-19 onset, median (range) | 54.5 (53–83) | 57 (49–71) | 63.5 (59–68) | 35 | 55 (35–83) |
| Comorbidities and risk factors | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (50) | 1 (50) | 0 | 7 (41.2) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| BMI, median (range) | 28.6 (26.9–34) | 26.2 (20.7–45.5) | 39.4 (31.6–47.2) | 18.97 | 28 (18.97–47.2) |
| COVID-19 diagnosis | |||||
| Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, n (%) | 3 (50) | 4 (50) | 2 (100) | 1 (100) | 10 (58.8) |
| Positive SARS-CoV-2 serology, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 0 | 5 (29.4) |
| Positive CT-scan, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (37.5) | 0 | 1 (100) | 6 (35.3) |
| Positive CT-scan and serology, n (%) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Positive CT-scan and RT-PCR, n (%) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (100) | 3 (17.6) |
| Positive CT-scan without RT-PCR or serology available, n (%) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 2 (11.8) |
| Rheumatic disease treatment previous to COVID-19 | |||||
| csDMARDs, n (%) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (87.5) | 2 (100) | 0 | 13 (76.5) |
| Methotrexate | 4 (66.7) | 5 (62.5) | 0 | 0 | 9 (52.9) |
| Leflunomide | 0 | 2 (25) | 1 (50) | 0 | 3 (17.6) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Azathioprine | 0 | 0 | 1 (50) | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| bDMARDs, n (%) | 5 (83.3) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (50) | 1 (100) | 10 (58.8) |
| TNF inhibitors, n (%) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 6 (35.3) |
| Adalimumab | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Etanercept | 1 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 2 (11.8) |
| Golimumab | 2 (33.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (11.8) |
| Infliximab | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| IL-6 receptor inhibitors, n (%) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (50) | 1 (100) | 3 (17.6) |
| Tocilizumab | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (50) | 1 (100) | 3 (17.6) |
| Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, n (%) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Rituximab | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| tsDMARDs, n (%) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| JAK inhibitors, baricitinib | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Combination of csDMARD and bDMARD/tsDMARD, n (%) | 3 (50) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (50) | 0 | 7 (41.2) |
| COVID-19 evolution and outcomes, n (%) | |||||
| Benign | 4 (66.7) | 6 (75) | 2 (100) | 1 (100) | 13 (76.5) |
| Moderate | 1 (16.7) | 2 (25) | 0 | 0 | 3 (17.6) |
| Severe | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
| Recovery | 5 (83.3) | 8 (100) | 2 (100) | 1 (100) | 16 (94.1) |
| Death | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) |
bDMARDs, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; BMI, body mass index; csDMARDs, conventional synthetic DMARDs; IL-6, Interleukin 6; JAKi, Janus Kinase inhibitors; RMDs, rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; ; tsDMARDS, targeted synthetic DMARDs.