Table 2

Association between acenocoumarol use and risk of OA incidence and progression in RSI and RSII

	Overall osteoarthritis progression					Overall progression of knee osteoarthritis					Overall progression of hip osteoarthritis
	Joints N*	Incidence/Progression N (%)	OR adj.†	95% CI	P value	Joints N*	Incidence/Progression N (%)	OR adj.†	95% CI	P value		Joints N*	Incidence/Progression N (%)	OR adj.†	95% CI	P value
Non-users	12 594	506 (4.0%)	1	–	–	6162	329 (5.3%)	1				6432	177 (2.8%)	1	–	–
Users	863	94 (10.9%)	2.5	1.94 to 3.20	>0.001	426	55 (12.9%)	2.34	1.69 to 3.22	>0.001		437	39 (8.9%)	2.74	1.82 to 4.11	>0.001
Duration of acenocoumarol usage
Non users	12 594	506 (4.0%)	1	–	–	6162	329 (5.3%)	1	–	–		6432	177 (2.8%)	1	–	–
≤180 days	279	35 (12.5%)	2.82	1.90 to 4.20	>0.001	144	15 (10.4%)	1.78	1.01 to 3.18	4.8×10^–02		135	20 (14.8%)	4.84	2.73 to 8.56	>0.001
>180 days and ≤556 days	285	36 (12.6%)	2.94	2.00 to 4.32	>0.001	135	20 (14.8%)	2.69	1.62 to 4.46	>0.001		150	16 (10.7%)	3.33	1.79 to 6.18	>0.001
>556 days	299	23 (7.7%)	1.74	1.10 to 2.76	1.9×10^–02	147	20 (13.6%)	2.65	1.57 to 4.46	>0.001		152	3 (2.0%)	0.27	0.18 to 1.85	0.35

Incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in RS-I and RS-II within the follow-up time associated with acenocoumarol use. Model used is a GEE (generalised estimated equations) multivariate logistic regression model including acenocoumarol use and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, time between baseline and follow-up visit, baseline OA severity in Kellgren-Lawrence score, joint modelled, femoral neck BMD, HDL/total cholesterol ratio, physical activity, education level, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Rotterdam Study cohort.
Progression: number of joints showing overall progression of either hip or knee joints or both. Acenocoumarol usage examined by tertiles: first: ≤180 days, second: >180 and ≤556 days, third: >556 days of acenocoumarol use.
*Number of individual knee and/or hip joints studied from RSI and RSII (online supplemental figure S1 for exclusions).
†Unadjusted (raw) ORs are reported in online supplemental table S2.
BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; RS, Rotterdam Study.