Table 2

Glossary of terms relevant for the current Points to Consider

Term	Source	Definition
Work participation	ICF	Active engagement in paid or unpaid work.
Contextual factor	ICF	In the bio-psycho-social framework of health contextual factors refer to variables that are part of the environment of the individual (eg, social attitudes, architectural characteristics, legal and social structures, as well as climate, etc) or characterise the individual him/herself (eg, gender, age, coping, lifestyle, social background, education, profession, past and current experiences). They influence occurrence and course of disease and determine how illness and disability is experienced by the individual.
	OMERACT	In the framework of outcome assessment, contextual factors are variables that are not the outcome of the study, but need to be recognised to understand the study results. They also include confounders and effect modifiers. They can be measurement affecting, outcome influencing or effect modifying.
Employment	ILO/WHO	An agreement to produce goods or services for a specific period in time for compensation by a salary, a wage or in kind. Different types of employment exist, among which is self-employment.
Part-time employment	ILO/WHO	When the hours of work are less than the ‘normal’ hours of work of a comparable full-time employment.
Sick leave	WIKI	Time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health and safety needs without losing pay.
Paid sick leave	ILO/WHO	A statutory requirement in many nations or organisations that comprise (universal) income substitutions for persons that have temporary time off from the employment contract due to illness or disability. Against this background sick leave consists of two components: leave from work due to sickness and cash benefits that replace the wage during the time of sick leave.
Presenteeism	Various	Refers to: The behaviour of attending (paid) work while being ill. The level of influence on the work process (productivity, efficiency, performance) experienced by the worker (ability, difficulty).
Work productivity		The amount of goods and services produced in a specific time frame/period in time.
Unemployment	ILO/WHO	Not being employed but looking for an employment.
Work disability	ILO	When an individual is unable to perform work-related tasks due to physical or mental impairments or disability. In many constituencies definitions of disability are identical with an administrative act of recognising a disability. This recognition as disabled becomes a prerequisite for the claiming of support on the basis of a physical or mental limitation or for litigation under an antidiscrimination law. Such support can comprise provisions for rehabilitation, special education, retraining, privileges in the securing and preserving of a place of employment, guarantee of subsistence through income, compensation payments and assistance with mobility, etc. Virtually every existing definition of disability thus mirrors a legal system and draws its meaning from this system. It is also a highly heterogeneous concept, making the search for a homogeneous definition a virtually impossible task.
Decent work	ILO	Decent work involves opportunities for work that are productive and deliver a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration, freedom for workers to express concerns, organise and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and equality of opportunity for all women and men.
Unpaid work	WHO	Unpaid work activities include own-use production of services and volunteer work in households or organisations producing services for others.

ICF, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; ILO, International Labour Organisation; OMERACT, Outcome Measures in Rheumatology.