Association between rheumatic disease treatments and survival*
| Survivors (n=617) | Non-survivors (n=58) | OR (95% CI)† | P value | aOR (95% CI)†‡ | P value‡ | |
| Rheumatic or inflammatory disease treatments§ | ||||||
| Corticosteroid | 172 (27.9) | 39 (68.4) | 5.59 (3.11–10.05) | <0.001 | 2.64 (1.36–5.12) | 0.004 |
| Daily prednisone doses ≥10 mg or equivalent | 50 (29.4) | 21 (53.8) | 2.80 (1.38–5.70) | 0.005 | 2.91 (1.28–6.59) | 0.011 |
| NSAIDs | 73 (11.9) | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Colchicine¶ | 20 (3.2) | 4 (7.0) | 2.45 (0.75–6.50) | 0.10 | 8.21 (1.60–37.97) | 0.009 |
| Hydroxychloroquine¶ | 52 (8.4) | 2 (3.5) | 0.48 (0.10–1.47) | 0.28 | 0.93 (0.16–3.55) | 0.92 |
| Methotrexate | 237 (38.5) | 12 (21.1) | 0.43 (0.22–0.82) | 0.011 | 0.34 (0.16–0.70) | 0.003 |
| Leflunomide | 27 (4.4) | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Sulfasalazine | 9 (1.5) | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid¶ | 14 (2.3) | 2 (3.5) | 1.87 (0.36–6.32) | 0.38 | 14.20 (2.26–70.24) | 0.002 |
| Azathioprine | 8 (1.3) | 1 (1.8) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| IgIV | 6 (1.0) | 1 (1.8) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Biologics | ||||||
| Anti-TNF¶ | 194 (31.5) | 4 (7.0) | 0.18 (0.06–0.44) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.22–2.01) | 0.58 |
| Anti-IL-6R¶ | 25 (4.1) | 1 (1.8) | 0.62 (0.07–2.43) | 0.58 | 0.50 (0.05–2.38) | 0.47 |
| Rituximab | 27 (4.4) | 7 (12.3) | 3.05 (1.27–7.36) | 0.013 | 4.04 (1.35–12.04) | 0.012 |
| Anti-IL-17a | 25 (4.1) | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Anti-IL-1 | 6 (1.0) | 2 (3.5) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Abatacept¶ | 17 (2.8) | 1 (1.8) | 0.91 (0.10–3.71) | 0.92 | 0.58 (0.06–3.09) | 0.59 |
| JAK inhibitor¶ | 18 (2.9) | 2 (3.5) | 1.46 (0.29–4.77) | 0.59 | 1.36 (0.23–5.61) | 0.71 |
| Other biologic | 16 (2.6) | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Values are presented as frequency (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
Not applicable (NA) when <10/617 patients or 0 non-survivors.
*Total number of survivors and non-survivors as presented excludes 19 patients whose status at day 21 was unknown at the time of data cut-off.
†ORs were calculated for non-survivors, using survivors as reference.
‡Adjusted for age and sex.
§Two patients with missing information for treatments.
¶Penalised logistic regression (Firth method) was used due to low number of patients (n<5) in an analysed group.
aOR, adjusted OR; IgIV, immunoglobulin intravenous; IL, interleukin; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.