Clinical characteristics of patients with rheumatic disease with COVID-19 (N=143) and matched comparators (N=688) at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis
| Characteristic | Rheumatic disease (N=143) | No rheumatic disease (N=688) | P value |
| Age, years (mean±SD) | 60±16 | 59±16 | 0.75 |
| Female, n (%) | 108 (76) | 520 (76) | 1.00 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.19 | ||
| White | 68 (48) | 342 (50) | |
| Black | 35 (25) | 117 (17) | |
| Asian | 5 (4) | 26 (4) | |
| Other | 35 (25) | 203 (30) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 11 (8) | 81 (12) | 0.16 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (mean±SD) | 30.2±6.7 | 29.5±7.0 | 0.33 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.0003 | ||
| Never | 75 (52) | 341 (50) | |
| Former | 47 (33) | 146 (21) | |
| Current | 5 (4) | 20 (3) | |
| Unknown | 16 (11) | 181 (26) | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 77 (54) | 241 (35) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 30 (21) | 123 (18) | 0.38 |
| Coronary artery disease | 25 (17) | 40 (6) | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 16 (11) | 42 (6) | 0.03 |
| Asthma | 20 (14) | 52 (8) | 0.01 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 11 (8) | 29 (4) | 0.08 |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea | 17 (12) | 36 (5) | 0.003 |
| Interstitial lung disease | 10 (7) | 7 (1) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26 (18) | 53 (8) | 0.0001 |
| Any neoplasm | 41 (29) | 162 (24) | 0.19 |
| Charlson comorbidity index (median, IQR) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 0.0 (0.0–2.0) | <0.0001 |
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.