Association between incident OA and risk of venous thromboembolism (primary analysis)
| Knee OA (n=20 696) | Non-OA (n=81 137) | Hip OA (n=10 411) | Non-OA (n=41 594) | Hand OA (n=6329) | Non-OA (n=25 206) | |
| Venous thromboembolism | ||||||
| Events (n) | 327 | 951 | 201 | 449 | 57 | 234 |
| Mean follow-up (years) | 5.86 | 5.99 | 5.83 | 5.96 | 5.84 | 5.92 |
| Incidence rate, per 1000 person-years | 2.7 | 2.0 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
| RD (95% CI), per 1000 person-years | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.0) | 0.0 (reference) | 1.5 (1.0 to 2.0) | 0.0 (reference) | −0.1 (−0.6 to 0.4) | 0.0 (reference) |
| Age, sex, BMI and entry year-matched HR (95% CI) | 1.40 (1.25 to 1.57) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.83 (1.57 to 2.13) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.94 (0.71 to 1.23) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)* | 1.38 (1.23 to 1.56) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.83 (1.56 to 2.13) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.88 (0.67 to 1.16) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Pulmonary embolism | ||||||
| Events (n) | 172 | 445 | 101 | 229 | 25 | 113 |
| Mean follow-up (years) | 5.89 | 6.02 | 5.88 | 5.98 | 5.86 | 5.94 |
| Incidence rate, per 1000 person-years | 1.4 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| RD (95% CI), per 1000 person-years | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.7) | 0.0 (reference) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.0) | 0.0 (reference) | −0.1 (−0.4 to 0.2) | 0.0 (reference) |
| Age, sex, BMI and entry year-matched HR (95% CI) | 1.62 (1.39 to 1.90) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.81 (1.46 to 2.24) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.88 (0.58 to 1.32) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)* | 1.65 (1.40 to 1.95) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.92 (1.53 to 2.42) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.86 (0.56 to 1.32) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | ||||||
| Events (n) | 174 | 563 | 115 | 245 | 36 | 127 |
| Mean follow-up (years) | 5.89 | 6.01 | 5.86 | 5.97 | 5.85 | 5.94 |
| Incidence rate, per 1000 person-years | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| RD (95% CI), per 1000 person-years | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5) | 0.0 (reference) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.0 (reference) | 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.5) | 0.0 (reference) |
| Age, sex, BMI and entry year-matched HR (95% CI) | 1.24 (1.06 to 1.45) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.94 (1.59 to 2.38) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.10 (0.77 to 1.55) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)* | 1.21 (1.03 to 1.42) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.87 (1.52 to 2.31) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.01 (0.70 to 1.44) | 1.00 (reference) |
*In addition to the matching variables, multivariable models were adjusted for region, smoking status (ie, non-smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers), alcohol drinking (ie, non-drinkers, ex-drinkers and current drinkers), number of GP visits, comorbidities, medication use, trauma, fracture, surgery and hospitalisation prior to the index date.
BMI, body mass index; GP, general practitioner; n, number; OA, osteoarthritis; RD, rate difference.