Subtypes of gout* used in the present study
| Subtype | Clinical parameters |
| Differentiated subtype | |
| RUE type gout | FEUA <5.5% and UUE ≤25 |
| ROL type gout | FEUA≥5.5% and UUE >25 |
| Combined type gout | FEUA <5.5% and UUE >25 |
| Normal type gout | FEUA≥5.5% and UUE ≤25 |
| Broader subtype | |
| RUE gout (RUE type gout +combined type gout) | FEUA <5.5% |
| ROL gout (ROL type gout +combined type gout) | UUE >25 |
*Subtypes of hyperuricaemia can be classified in the same manner.
FEUA, fractional excretion of uric acid (unit: %); ROL, renal overload; RUE, renal underexcretion; UUE, urinary urate excretion (unit: mg/h/1.73 m2).