Technique | Efficiency | Indels | Off-target effects | Ease of use |
SSO | + | + + + | + + + | + |
Meganuclease | + | + + + | + + + | + |
ZFN | + + | + + + | + + + | + |
TALEN | + + | + + + | + + + | + + |
CRISPR/Cas9 | + + | + + | + + | + + + |
Base editing | + + + | + | + | + + + |
CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat; SSO, single-stranded oligonucleotide; TALEN, transcription activator-like effector nuclease; ZFN, zinc-finger nuclease.