Risk of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth in population controls, women (SLE) with inactive disease and women (SLE) with active disease. Logistic regression with adverse event as outcome*
| Group | n | n (%) | OR (95 % CI) | P value |
| Population controls | 498 849 | |||
| Pre-eclampsia | 15 132 (3.0) | |||
| Preterm birth | 27 063 (5.5) | |||
| Inactive disease (LAI-P=0) | 85 | |||
| Pre-eclampsia | 4 (4.7) | 1.58 (0.58 to 4.31) | 0.37† | |
| Preterm birth | 11 (12.9) | 2.57 (1.37 to 4.85) | 0.003† | |
| Active disease (LAI-P>0) | 63 | |||
| Pre-eclampsia | 9 (14.3) | 5.33 (2.63 to 10.79) | <0.001† | |
| 3.38 (0.99 to 11.51) | 0.052‡ | |||
| Preterm birth | 21 (33.3) | 8.66 (5.13 to 14.62) | <0.001† | |
| 3.36 (1.48 to 7.65) | 0.004‡ |
*Unadjusted analysis.
†Compared with population controls.
‡Compared with inactive disease.
LAI-P, Lupus Activity Index in Pregnancy; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.