Number of strokes, person-years, incidence rates and HRs for incident stroke (all strokes, ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage and unspecified) comparing SLE with the general population 2003–2013 in Sweden
| General population | SLE | Age and sex-adjusted rate difference (95% CI) | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Model 2 HR (95% CI) | |||
| Strokes, n | Incidence rate* (95% CI) | Strokes, n | Incidence rate* (95% CI) | ||||
| Any stroke | 304 | 3.5 (3.2 to 4.0) | 126 | 7.7 (6.5 to 9.2) | 4.4 (3.0 to 5.9) | 2.3 (1.8 to 2.8) | 2.1 (1.7 to 2.6) |
| Ischaemic stroke | 228 | 2.7 (2.3 to 3.0) | 99 | 6.0 (5.0 to 7.4) | 3.6 (2.3 to 4.9) | 2.4 (1.9 to 3.0) | 2.2 (1.8 to 2.8) |
| Intracerebral haemorrhage | 37 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.6) | 11 | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.7) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.2) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.9) |
| Subarachnoid haemorrhage | 17 | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.3) | 5 | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.7) | 0.1 (−0.2 to 0.4) | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.3) | 1.4 (0.5 to 3.9) |
| Unspecified | 22 | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) | 11 | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.5 (0.0 to 0.9) | 2.7 (1.3 to 5.5) | 2.7 (1.3 to 5.6) |
* Incidence rate per 1000 person-years, CI estimated based on the Poisson distribution.
No. of person-years in general population: 85 944. No. of person-years in SLE population: 16 386.
Model 1 Cox regression model adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, education, history of hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart disease and atrial fibrillation.
SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.