Mean changes in anthropometric and cardiometabolic biomarkers after 16 weeks
| Variable | Mean change from baseline, mean (95% CI) | Difference in change between groups, mean (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Intervention group | Control group | |||
| Weight (kg) | 0.00 (−0.91 to 0.92) | 0.58 (−0.34 to 1.49) | −0.58 (−1.87 to 0.72) | 0.38 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | −0.80 (−1.90 to 0.30) | 0.71 (−0.39 to 1.81) | −1.51 (−3.07 to 0.05) | 0.056 |
| Waist–hip ratio | −3.03 (−4.72 to 1.35) | −1.81 (−3.50 to −0.13) | −1.22 (−3.60 to 1.16) | 0.31 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.02 (−0.30 to 0.32) | 0.16 (−0.17 to 0.49) | −0.14 (−0.60 to 0.28) | 0.46 |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | ||||
| Systolic | −3.06 (−5.98 to −0.14) | −1.57 (−4.49 to 1.34) | −1.49 (−5.61 to 2.64) | 0.47 |
| Diastolic | −0.85 (−2.38 to 0.69) | −0.08 (−1.62 to 1.45) | −0.77 (−2.94 to 1.40) | 0.49 |
| Lipids (mmol/L) | ||||
| Cholesterol | −0.24 (−0.33 to −0.14) | 0.13 (0.04 to 0.23) | −0.37 (−0.50 to −0.24) | <0.0001 |
| HDL | 0.06 (0.00 to 0.12) | 0.00 (−0.06 to 0.05) | 0.07 (−0.01 to 0.14) | 0.10 |
| LDL | −0.07 (−0.18 to 0.04) | −0.03 (−0.13 to 0.08) | −0.04 (−0.20 to 0.11) | 0.61 |
| Triglyceride | 0.06 (−0.06 to 0.18) | 0.06 (−0.06 to 0.17) | 0.00 (−0.16 to 0.17) | 0.97 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | −0.05 (−0.22 to 0.12) | 0.10 (−0.07 to 0.27) | −0.15 (−0.40 to 0.09) | 0.22 |
HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.