Table 1

List of all 35 studies that met the inclusion criteria based on full paper assessment

AuthorType of interventionModelSpeciesDMARD testedTreatment durationOutcome parametersQuality score
Morgan23ProphylacticAIARatsMethotrexate6 weeksPaw swelling (mm) clinical score (0–16)9
Lee24ProphylacticCIAMiceMethotrexate3 weeksClinical score (0–16), incidence (%)8
Rovensky25ProphylacticAIARatsMethotrexate7 weeksPaw volume (mL)7
Rovensky26ProphylacticAIARatsCiclosporin A7 weeksPaw swelling (mm)6
Methotrexate7 weeks
Smith and Sly27ProphylacticCIARatsMethylprednisolone4 weeksClinical score (0–16), Δ paw volume7
Methotrexate4 weeks
Azathioprine4 weeks
Hydroxychloroquine4 weeks
Al-Abd28ProphylacticCIAMiceLeflunomide5 weeksClinical score (0–16)6
Zuurmond29ProphylacticAIARatsAnti-IL-12 weeksClinical score (0–16), paw swelling (mm)8
Dexamethasone2 weeks
Webb30Prophylactic, therapeuticCIAMiceCTLA4-Ig2 weeksPaw swelling (mm), clinical score (0–12)7
Knoerzer31ProphylacticCIARatsCTLA4-Ig2 weeksClinical score (0–16)8
Gowayed32PrearthritisAIARatsLeflunomide2 weeksPaw swelling (mm)8
Sakuma33PrearthritisAIARatsMethotrexate1 weekPaw volume (mL)7
Le34PrearthritisCIARatsMethotrexateOnceClinical score (0–8), paw swelling (mm)6
Du35PrearthritisCIARatsMethotrexate3 weeksClinical score (0–8)7
Setoguchi36PrearthritisCIARatsEtanercept1 weekPaw volume (mL)7
Bendele37PrearthritisCIA
AIA		RatsAnti-IL-11 weekPaw volume (mL)7
Fener38TherapeuticCIARatsSulfasalazine17 weeksClinical score (0–12)8
Zhang39TherapeuticCIAMiceMethotrexate6 weeksClinical score (0–16)6
Etanercept6 weeks
Saadat40TherapeuticCIARatsMethotrexate2 weeksClinical score (0–16)9
O'Valle41TherapeuticCIAMiceEtanercept4 weeksPaw swelling (mm), clinical score (0–16)8
Joosten42TherapeuticCIAMiceAnti-IL11 weekClinical score (0–8)6
Etanercept1 week
Yang43TherapeuticCIARatsEtanercept2 weeksPaw swelling (mm)8
Bendele44Therapeutic, prearthritisCIA, AIARatsAnti-IL-11 weekPaw volume (mL)6
Yi17ProphylacticCIAMiceEtanercept5 weeksClinical score (0–16) and incidence (%)6
Chen18TherapeuticCIARatsMethotrexate4 weeksClinical score (0–16)7
Xinqiang19TherapeuticCIARatsMethotrexate4 weeksClinical score (0–16)7
Kliwinski20ProphylacticCIARatsCTLA4-Ig1 weekPaw volume (mL)6
Hsu21PrearthritisCIARatsEtanercept4 weeksClinical score (0–8), paw swelling (mm)7
Stolina22ProphylacticCIA, AIARatsAnti-IL-11 weekPaw volume (mL), paw swelling (mm)8
Kim and Kang45PrearthritisCIARatsMethotrexate1 weekOnly histology and radiological outcome5
Yao46TherapeuticCIARatsLeflunomide3 weeksClinical score (0–16)5
Methotrexate3 weeks
Teramachi47ProphylacticAIARatsMethotrexate3 weeksPaw volume (mL)4
Baggott and Morgan48ProphylacticAIARatsMethotrexate4 weeksOnly radiological outcome5
Brauer49ProphylacticAIARatsCiclosporin A2–4 weeksPaw swelling (mm)2
Wooley50PrearthritisCIAMiceAnti-IL-12 weeksClinical score (0–12), paw swelling (mm)5
Brahn51ProphylacticCIARatsCiclosporin A3 weeksClinical score (0–16) and incidence (%)5
Methotrexate3 weeks

  • Twenty-two studies20–41 are included in the meta-analyses.

  • AIA, adjuvant-induced arthritis; CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; IL, interleukin.