Table 2

Bone parameters evaluated ex vivo by µ-CT at proximal tibial epiphysis and metaphysis

Parameter	Normal rats	MMT surgery	MMT plus amputation	Sham plus amputation
Proximal tibial epiphysis (cortical and cancellous bone)
TV, mm³	1.65±0.11	1.87±0.14	1.83±0.07	1.67±0.11
BV, mm³	0.76±0.10	0.74±0.09	0.67±0.04^†,‡	0.64±0.05^†,‡
BV/TV, ratio	0.46±0.03	0.43±0.02	0.37±0.03^††,‡	0.38±0.02^††,‡
BMD, g/cm²	985.14±16.44	990.85±14.89	983.37±14.97	1005.05±11.05
Proximal tibial metaphysis (cortical and cancellous bone)
TV, mm³	2.81±0.05	2.88±0.04	2.87±0.05	2.80±0.14
BV, mm³	0.73±0.06	0.57±0.06^†††	0.24±0.07^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.26±0.05^{†††,‡‡‡}
BV/TV, ratio	0.26±0.02	0.20±0.02^†††	0.08±0.02^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.09±0.02^{†††,‡‡‡}
BMD, g/cm²	929.74±32.06	922.53±57.59	848.15±40.35	943.72±68.42
Proximal tibial metaphysis (cancellous bone only)
TV, mm³	0.93±0.01	0.95±0.01	0.94±0.02	0.96±0.00
BV, mm³	0.15±0.02	0.07±0.01^†††	0.01±0.01^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.03±0.02^{†††,‡‡‡}
BV/TV, ratio	0.16±0.02	0.08±0.01^†††	0.01±0.01^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.03±0.02^{†††,‡‡‡}
TbN, 1/mm	2.82±0.35	1.65±0.26^†††	0.32±0.19^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.63±0.32^{†††,‡‡‡}
TbT, ìm	0.056±0.002	0.048±0.005^†	0.039±0.007^{†††,‡‡‡}	0.041±0.010^†,‡
TbS, ìm	0.30±0.04	0.57±0.09^†††	4.94±4.64^{†††,‡‡‡}	2.01±1.23^{†††,‡‡‡}
BMD, g/cm²	918.43±19.86	923.92±37.10	864.96±41.79	921.60±45.66

†p<0.05 versus normal; ‡p<0.05 versus MMT; ††p<0.01 versus normal; ‡‡p<0.01 versus MMT; †††p<0.001 versus normal and ‡‡‡p<0.001 versus MMT.
BMD, bone mineral density; BV, bone volume; MMT, medial meniscal tear; TbN, trabecular number; TbS, trabecular separation; TbT, trabecular thickness; TV, tissue volume; μCT, micro-CT.