Descriptive characteristics across hand status categories
| Characteristic | Neither ROA nor pain (n=416) | ROA only (n=166) | Pain only (n=127) | Symptomatic OA (n=99) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 54.0 (5.5) | 59.3 (5.5) | 55.4 (5.3) | 60.0 (5.1) | 0.000 |
| Occupation, n (%) | 0.688 | ||||
| Manual | 70 (16.8) | 24 (14.5) | 24 (18.9) | 14 (14.1) | |
| Non-manual | 341 (82.0) | 141 (84.9) | 103 (81.1) | 85 (85.9) | |
| HRT, n (%) | 0.012 | ||||
| No | 271 (65.1) | 114 (68.7) | 67 (52.8) | 64 (64.7) | |
| Yes | 130 (31.3) | 46 (27.7) | 58 (45.7) | 34 (34.3) | |
| Smoking, n (%)* | 0.996 | ||||
| Never/ex-smoker | 323 (77.6) | 130 (78.3) | 98 (77.2) | 77 (77.8) | |
| Smoker | 93 (22.4) | 36 (21.7) | 29 (22.8) | 22 (22.2) | |
| Physical activity at age 30, n (%) | 0.176 | ||||
| No | 79 (19.0) | 35 (21.1) | 15 (11.8) | 16 (16.2) | |
| Yes | 331 (79.6) | 128 (77.1) | 110 (86.6) | 82 (82.8) | |
| Body mass index, n (%) | 0.272 | ||||
| Non-obese (<30 kg/m2) | 225 (54.1) | 110 (66.3) | 85 (66.9) | 77 (77.8) | |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 40 (9.6) | 26 (15.7) | 17 (13.4) | 8 (8.1) | |
| Previous CVD disease, n (%) | 0.901 | ||||
| No | 384 (92.3) | 154 (92.8) | 121 (95.3) | 93 (93.9) | |
| Yes | 17 (4.1) | 6 (3.6) | 4 (3.2) | 5 (5.1) | |
| BP medication, n (%)* | 0.085 | ||||
| No | 360 (86.5) | 131 (78.9) | 110 (86.6) | 80 (80.8) | |
| Yes | 56 (13.5) | 35 (21.1) | 17 (13.4) | 19 (19.2) | |
| Non-ASA NSAIDs medication, n (%) | 0.110 | ||||
| No | 404 (97.1) | 154 (92.8) | 121 (95.3) | 93 (93.9) | |
| Yes | 12 (2.9) | 12 (7.2) | 6 (4.7) | 6 (6.1) | |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg, mean (SD)* | 122.6 (18.4) | 130.7 (19.9) | 127.4 (20.1) | 132.8 (21.3) | 0.000 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD)* | 6.5 (1.4) | 7.0 (1.3) | 6.7 (1.3) | 7.1 (1.3) | 0.000 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD)* | 1.7 (0.4) | 1.7 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.7 (0.4) | 0.168 |
| Glucose, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 4.9 (0.7) | 5.0 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.5) | 5.0 (0.8) | 0.184 |
*Framingham Risk Score Factors.
BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; HRT, hormone replacement therapy; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OA, Osteoarthritis; ROA, radiographic osteoarthritis.