Summary of studies including the prevalence of primary Sjogren’s syndrome
| Author | Year | Country | Source of cases | Study design | Case ascertainment | pSS cases (n) | Total number of population (n) | Female/male (n) | PR (95% Cl)/100 000 | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhang et al20 | 1995 | China (Beijing) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | San Diego criteria* | 7 | 2066 | NS | 338.82 (87.82 to 589.81) | Moderate |
| Dafni et al21† | 1997 | Greece (Astakos) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | EC-1993 | 5 | 837 | NS | 597.37 (73.76 to 1120.98) | Moderate |
| Thomas, et al22‡ | 1998 | UK (Manchester) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | EC-1993 | 13 | 343 | 12/1 | 3790.09 (1729.81 to 5850.36) | Moderate |
| Tomsic et al23‡ | 1999 | Slovenia (Ljubljana) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | EC-1996 | 2 | 332 | NS | 602.41 (−232.47 to 1437.29) | Moderate |
| Bowman et al24† | 2004 | UK (Birmingham) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | AECG-2002 | 2 | 846 | NS | 236.41 (−91.23 to 564.04) | Moderate |
| Trontzas et al25 | 2005 | Greece | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | AECG-2002 | 13 | 8740 | NS | 148.74 (67.89 to 229.60) | Moderate |
| Kabasakal et al26† | 2006 | Turkey (Bornova) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Cross-sectional population survey | EC-1993 | 13 | 831 | NS | 722.02 (144.29 to 1299.75) | Moderate |
| AECG-2002 | 6 | 831 | ||||||||
| Alamanos et al14§ | 2006 | Greece (north-west Greece) | Medical record search Personal registry physicians | Population based | AECG-2002 | 422 | 488 435 | 402/20 | 86.40 (78.16 to 94.64) | Good |
| Haugen et al15 | 2008 | Norway (Hordaland) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | EC-1996 EC-1993¶ | 69 155 | 16 046 16 046 | NS | 430.01 (328.55 to 531.48) | Moderate |
| Birlik et al27 | 2009 | Turkey (Balcova, Narlidere) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Population survey | AECG-2002 | 6 | 2887 | 6/0 | 207.83 (41.53 to 374.12) | Moderate |
| Anagnostopoulos et al28 | 2010 | Greece (Prefecture) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Cross-sectional population survey | AECG-2002 | 4 | 1705 | NS | 234.60 (4.70 to 464.51) | Moderate |
| Goransson et al16§ | 2011 | Norway (Hordaland Rogaland) | Personal registry physiciansMedical record search | Population based | AECG-2002 | 424 | 852 342 | 396/28 | 49.75 (45.01 to 54.48) | Good |
| Eaton et al18‡ | 2011 | Denmark | Medical record linkage system | Population based | ICD-8,ICD-10 | 2615 | 5 472 032 | NS | 47.79 (45.96 to 49.62) | Good |
| Sardu et al17‡ | 2012 | Italy (Sardinia) | Medical record search | Population based | EC-1993 | 10 | 2887 | 9/1 | 30.91 (9.49 to 52.32) | Good |
| See et al19 | 2013 | China (Taiwan) | Medical record search | Population based | ICD-9 | 583 | 1 000 000 | NS | 58.30 (53.57 to 63.03) | Good |
| Maldini C, et al29 | 2013 | France (Pairs) | Comprehension methods** | Population based | AECG-2002 | 133 | 1 172 482 | NS | 11.34 (9.42 to 13.27) | Good |
| Yu et al13 | 2013 | China (Taiwan) | Medical record search | Population based | ICD codes system | 154 | 963 355 | 136/18 | 15.99 (13.46 to 18.51) | Good |
| Valim et al30 | 2013 | Brazil (Vitoria) | Questionnaire Clinical examination | Cross-sectional Population survey | AECG-2002 | 2 | 1205 | NS | 60.82 (43.69 to 77.94) | Moderate |
*This criteria only was used in Zhang et al's study.
†The study was only conducted in female population.
‡The study was excluded from the sensitivity analysis because it did not state the type of Sjogren’s syndrome patients.
§The age of pSS cases was 55.4±12.5 years, 61.6±13.2 years, respectively.
¶EC-1993 is criteria for the classification of Sjogren’s syndrome supposed by the European Community.
**Included National Health Insurance (NHI) database, national patient support group, private laboratories and community-based physicians.
IR, incidence rate; NS, no stated; PR, prevalence rate; pSS, primary Sjögren's syndrome.