Results of the univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted on age, disease duration and anti-Scl70 antibodies) comparing men and women with SSc at baseline (n=9182 patients)
| Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | p Value | N available data (%) | OR, 95% CI | p Value* | |
| Age at disease onset (years) (mean (SD)) (n available) | 47.1 (14.2) (1153) | 45.7 (14.2) (6810) | 0.002 | 7963 (86.7%) | NS | |
| Age (years) (mean (SD)) (n available) | 52.7 (13.8) (1319) | 54.5 (13.9) (7858) | <0.001 | 9177 (99.9%) | NS | |
| Disease duration (years) (mean (SD)) (n available) | 5.1 (6.5) (1152) | 8.1 (8.2) (6808) | <0.001 | 7960 (86.7%) | NS | |
| Diffuse cutaneous subtype | 721/1317 (54.7%) | 2638/7832 (33.7%) | <0.001 | 9149 (99.6%) | 1.68 (1.45 to 1.94) | <0.001 |
| Modified Rodnan skin score ≥14† | 274/681 (40.2%) | 1327/4531 (29.3%) | <0.001 | 5212 (56.8%) | ||
| Raynaud's phenomenon | 1253/1305 (96.0%) | 7509/7781 (96.5%) | NS | 9086 (98.9%) | ||
| Scleroderma puffy fingers | 296/657 (45.0%) | 1450/3385 (42.8%) | 0.314 | 4042 (44.0%) | ||
| ACA antibodies | 195/1248 (15.6%) | 2647/7748 (34.2%) | <0.001 | 8996 (98.0%) | 0.45 (0.37 to 0.54) | <0.001 |
| Anti-Scl70+ antibodies | 573/1247 (46.0%) | 2540/7367 (34.5%) | <0.001 | |||
| Valentini score ≥324 | 221/1321 (16.7%) | 740/7861 (9.4%) | <0.001 | 9182 (100%) | 1.39 (1.13 to 1.70) | <0.003 |
| CRP elevation† | 200/622 (32.1%) | 643/3196 (20.1%) | <0.001 | 3818 (41.6%) | ||
| Oesophageal symptoms | 791/1314 (60.2%) | 5230/7822 (66.9%) | <0.001 | 9136 (99.5%) | 0.80 (0.69 to 0.93) | <0.003 |
| Stomach symptoms | 255/1305 (19.5%) | 1909/7792 (24.5%) | <0.001 | 9097 (99.1%) | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.88) | <0.003 |
| Intestinal symptoms | 239/1310 (18.2%) | 1935/7804 (24.8%) | <0.001 | 9114 (99.3%) | 0.68 (0.57 to 0.82) | <0.001 |
| Joint synovitis | 205/1312 (15.6%) | 1208/7791 (15.5%) | 0.944 | 9103 (99.1%) | ||
| Joint contracture | 487/1310 (37.2%) | 2368/7788 (30.4%) | <0.001 | 9098 (99.1%) | NS | |
| Tendon friction rubs | 178/1305 (13.6%) | 679/7748 (8.8%) | <0.001 | 9053 (98.6%) | NS | |
| Muscle weakness | 352/1312 (26.8%) | 1793/7763 (23.1%) | 0.004 | 9075 (98.8%) | NS | |
| Muscle atrophy | 179/1306 (13.7%) | 868/7748 (11.2%) | 0.010 | 9054 (98.6%) | NS | |
| CK elevation | 193/1238 (15.6%) | 547/7386 (7.4%) | <0.001 | 8724 (95.0%) | 1.93 (1.58 to 2.36) | <0.001 |
| Digital ulcers | 535/1304 (41.0%) | 2649/7774 (34.1%) | <0.001 | 9078 (98.9%) | 1.28 (1.11 to 1.47) | <0.001 |
| Scleroderma renal crisis | 45/1310 (3.4%) | 147/7796 (1.9%) | <0.001 | 9106 (99.2%) | NS | |
| Proteinuria | 122/1238 (9.8%) | 389/7467 (5.2%) | <0.001 | 8705 (94.8%) | 1.54 (1.21 to 1.97) | <0.001 |
| LVEF<50%† | 55/797 (6.9%) | 133/4733 (2.8%) | <0.001 | 5530 (60.2%) | ||
| Pericarditis | 39/521 (7.5%) | 174/2727 (6.4%) | NS | 3248 (35.4%) | ||
| Diastolic dysfunction | 222/1204 (18.4%) | 1253/7193 (17.4%) | NS | 8397 (91.4%) | ||
| Pulmonary hypertension | 16/1321(1.2%) | 38/7861 (0.5%) | 0.003 | 9182 (100%) | 3.01 (1.47 to 6.20) | <0.003 |
| Lung fibrosis | 603/1231 (49.0%) | 2904/7343 (39.5%) | <0.001 | 8574 (93.4%) | NS | |
| Dyspnoea class III or IV | 80/598 (13.4%) | 355/3145 (11.3%) | NS | 3743 (40.8%) | ||
| DLCO<60† | 387/974 (39.7%) | 1631/5233 (31.2%) | <0.001 | 6207 (67.6%) | ||
| FVC<70† | 97/537 (18.1%) | 357/2771 (12.9%) | 0.002 | 3308 (36.0%) | ||
| Arterial hypertension | 287/1312 (21.9%) | 1630/7811 (20.9%) | NS | 9123 (99.4%) | ||
Results are presented as number/number of available data (%) unless stated otherwise.
Only variables with >70% of the data available were entered in multivariate analysis.
*p: significance after Bonferroni correction was obtained for a p value <0.003.
†Variables not entered in the multivariate model since the number of available data concerned <70% of the cohort.
ACA, anticentromere antibodies; disease was active if the Valentini score was ≥3; CK, creatine kinase; CRP, C-reactive protein; DLCO, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity test; FVC, forced vital capacity; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed on right heart catheterisation; lung fibrosis was considered if present on X-rays and/or high-resolution CT; NS, not significant; SSc, systemic sclerosis.