Associations among baseline demographic, clinical and imaging characteristics and time to development of IA in 100 anti-CCP positive patients with non-specific MSK symptoms
| Follow-up | Progression to IA at any time | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | n/N (%) who developed IA | Mean months to IA | HR (95% CI) | |
| Shared epitope | Absent Present | 6/23 (26) 33/63 (52) | 20.3 15.5 | Reference 2.47 (1.03 to 5.90) |
| FDR with RA | Yes No | 11/25 (44) 37/69 (54) | 40.3 35.3 | Reference 1.25 (0.64 to 2.46) |
| Smoker | Never Ever | 12/29 (41) 38/70 (54) | 41.1 35.3 | Reference 1.26 (0.66 to 2.42) |
| Alcohol consumer | Yes No | 30/58 (52) 9/17 (53) | 35.2 31.2 | Reference 1.27 (0.60 to 2.69) |
| BMI | ≥25 <25 | 28/54 (52) 11/22 (50) | 36.4 26.5 | Reference 1.13 (0.55 to 2.30) |
| Anti-CCP | +ve ++ve | 7/17 (41) 43/83 (52) | 43.7 35.9 | Reference 1.43 (0.64 to 3.19) |
| RF | −ve +ve ++ve | 21/54 (39) 9/15 (60) 20/31 (65) | 45.2 29.4 25.9 | Reference 1.69 (0.77 to 3.69) 2.04 (1.10 to 3.78) |
| Autoantibody status | −ve or +ve RF and +ve anti-CCP ++ve RF and/or ++ve anti-CCP | 4/14 (29) 46/86 (53) | 51.1 35.0 | Reference 2.17 (0.78 to 6.04) |
| hsCRP | <2 mg/dL ≥2 mg/dL | 15/31 (48) 24/43 (56) | 35.8 33.3 | Reference 1.27 (0.66 to 2.42) |
| Symptom duration | <12 months ≥12 months | 15/31 (48) 35/66 (53) | 33.3 35.8 | Reference 1.05 (0.57 to 1.92) |
| Intermittent symptoms | Absent Present | 37/77 (48) 12/20 (60) | 37.5 31.0 | Reference 1.27 (0.66 to 2.44) |
| Tenderness of small joints | Absent Present | 19/50 (38) 31/50 (62) | 43.9 30.9 | Reference 1.83 (1.03 to 3.24) |
| Symptoms in upper and lower extremities | Absent Present | 28/63 (44) 22/37 (60) | 39.3 32.6 | Reference 1.38 (0.79 to 2.41) |
| EMS | <30 min ≥30 min | 27/61 (44) 23/39 (59) | 38.7 32.0 | Reference 1.70 (0.97 to 2.98) |
| <60 min ≥60 min | 37/78 (47.4) 13/22 (59.1) | 39.4 27.3 | Reference 1.92 (1.02 to 3.63) | |
| Pain VAS | ≥50 mm <50 mm | 11/25 (44) 34/66 (52) | 41.6 36.0 | Reference 1.26 (0.64 to 2.50) |
| Power Doppler signal | Absent Present | 28/67 (42) 22/33 (67) | 42.2 26.3 | Reference 1.88 (1.07 to 3.29) |
−ve, negative; ++ve, high positive (3× upper limit of normal); +ve, low positive; Anti-CCP, anticyclic citrullinated peptide; BMI, body mass index; EMS, early morning stiffness; FDR, first degree relative; hsCRP, high sensitivity C reactive protein; IA, inflammatory arthritis; MSK, musculoskeletal; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RF, rheumatoid factor; VAS, visual analogue scale.