Table 2

Country-specific results of Rasch analysis

			Item fit residual		Person fit residual		χ² Interaction				Proportion of significant t-tests (95% CI)
		Analysis	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Value (df)	p Value	PSI	N	Proportion of significant t-tests (95% CI)
Norway	AS	Analysis 1	0.315	1.643	−0.238	1.186	163.045 (78)	0.001	0.97	142
Norway	AS	Analysis 2	0.189	0.87	−0.322	1.131	12.005 (14)	0.606	0.947	142	0.085 (0.049 to 0.120)
Finland	AS	Analysis 1	0.418	1.197	−0.214	2.136	38.262 (39)	0.503	0.969	85
Finland	AS	Analysis 2	0.421	0.612	−0.237	1.102	8.780 (7)	0.269	0.927	85	0.094 (0.048 to 0.140)
Sweden	AS	Analysis 1	0.379	0.991	−0.25	2.136	121.031 (78)	0.001	0.901	102
Sweden	AS	Analysis 2	0.38	0.624	−0.277	1.19	6.818 (7)	0.448	0.623	102	0.040 (−0.003 to 0.082)
The Netherlands	AS	Analysis 1	0.355	1.362	−0.261	2.208	50.328 (39)	0.106	0.978	82
The Netherlands	AS	Analysis 2	0.481	0.998	−0.25	1.167	4.281 (7)	0.747	0.947	82	0.123 (0.076 to 0.171)
Portugal	AS	Analysis 1	0.421	1.353	−0.662	2.946	54.546 (39)	0.502	0.966	121
Portugal	AS	Analysis 2	0.372	0.291	−0.364	1.205	6.021 (7)	0.537	0.902	121	0.057 (0.019 to 0.097)
Spain	AS	Analysis 1	0.277	1.947	−0.289	2.199	184.606 (78)	0.001	0.976	129
Spain	AS	Analysis 2	0.301	1.116	−0.345	1.175	12.970 (14)	0.529	0.953	128	0.070 (0.033 to 0.108)
Austria	PsA	Analysis 1	0.286	1.147	−0.382	2.041	97.313 (78)	0.068	0.967	123
Austria	PsA	Analysis 2	0.611	1.021	−0.363	1.284	11.541 (14)	0.643	0.931	119	0.076 (0.036 to 0.115)
Norway	PsA	Analysis 1	0.379	1.258	−0.08	1.671	156.851 (78)	<0.001	0.969	142
Norway	PsA	Analysis 2	0.442	0.654	−0.237	1.023	10.012 (14)	0.761	0.933	142	0.056 (0.021 to 0.093)
Finland	PsA	Analysis 1	0.297	1.121	−0.159	2.032	55.614 (39)	0.041	0.977	82
Finland	PsA	Analysis 2	0.138	0.88	−0.256	1.041	6.044 (7)	0.535	0.954	82	0.061 (0.014 to 0.108)
Sweden	PsA	Analysis 1	0.432	1.003	−0.269	2.169	51.271 (39)	0.09	0.96	82
Sweden	PsA	Analysis 2	0.519	0.617	−0.39	1.281	10.698 (7)	0.152	0.91	82	0.074 (0.027 to 0.122)
The Netherlands	PsA	Analysis 1	0.609	1.708	−0.233	2.301	77.078 (39)	<0.001	0.974	110
The Netherlands	PsA	Analysis 2	0.805	1.316	−0.255	1.181	6.117 (7)	0.526	0.936	108	0.093 (0.051 to 0.134)
Portugal	PsA	Analysis 1	0.379	1.862	−0.679	2.986	162.025 (78)	<0.001	0.983	126
Portugal	PsA	Analysis 2	0.438	1.119	−0.499	1.357	12.743 (14)	0.547	0.959	126	0.065 (0.026 to 0.103)
Spain	PsA	Analysis 1	0.544	1.761	−0.169	2.166	90.500 (39)	<0.001	0.974	115
Spain	PsA	Analysis 2	0.44	1.154	−0.301	1.125	5.473 (7)	0.602	0.954	114	0.070 (0.030 to 0110)
Finland	SSc	Analysis 1	0.532	1.596	−0.476	2.613	126.607 (78)	<0.001	0.969	167
Finland	SSc	Analysis 2	0.297	0.897	−0.427	1.32	17.624 (14)	0.224	0.929	167	0.083 (0.051 to 0.117)
The Netherlands	SSc	Analysis 1	0.453	1.59	−0.188	2.154	89.627 (39)	<0.001	0.978	99
The Netherlands	SSc	Analysis 2	0.836	0.745	−0.248	1.248	6.862 (7)	0.443	0.951	99	0.040 (−0.003 to 0.083)
Portugal	SSc	Analysis 1	0.38	0.798	0.055	1.999	22.310 (39)	0.985	0.977	28
Portugal	SSc	Analysis 2	0.645	0.529	−0.011	0.975	3.037 (7)	0.882	0.938	28	0.107 (0.026 to 0.188)
Spain	SSc	Analysis 1	0.291	1.146	−0.052	1.748	52.626 (39)	0.071	0.98	39
Spain	SSc	Analysis 2	0.475	0.859	−0.057	0.881	4.891 (7)	0.673	0.969	39	0.051 (−0.017 to 0.120)
The Netherlands	SLE	Analysis 1	0.511	1.818	−0.329	2.626	112.920 (39)	<0.001	0.970	123
The Netherlands	SLE	Analysis 2	0.397	1.176	−0.346	1.244	5.862 (7)	0.556	0.939	123	0.059 (0.020 to 0.098)
Portugal	SLE	Analysis 1	0.182	1.264	−0.426	2.405	164.349 (78)	<0.001	0.973	142
Portugal	SLE	Analysis 2	0.416	0.957	−0.423	1.317	11.591 (14)	0.639	0.936	142	0.049 (0.013 to 0.085)
Spain	SLE	Analysis 1	0.508	1.542	−0.020	1.700	104.037 (39)	<0.001	0.964	95
Spain	SLE	Analysis 2	0.494	0.651	−0.233	1.053	19.581	0.144	0.933	95	0.055 (0.010 to 0.100)
Finland	FMS	Analysis 1	0.262	1.401	−0.192	1.824	57.954 (39)	0.026	0.969	105
Finland	FMS	Analysis 2	0.324	0.879	−0.171	0.953	3.438 (7)	0.842	0.936	105	0.059 (0.017 to 0.101)
Norway	FMS	Analysis 1	0.267	1.612	−0.107	1.529	126.819 (78)	<0.001	0.96	133
Norway	FMS	Analysis 2	0.222	0.736	−0.257	1.009	12.144 (14)	0.595	0.928	133	0.045 (0.008 to 0.082)
Portugal	FMS	Analysis 1	0.527	0.725	−0.227	2.635	73.211 (39)	<0.001	0.99	41
Portugal	FMS	Analysis 2	0.687	0.589	−0.128	1.201	7.339 (7)	0.394	0.984	41	0.073 (0.006 to 0.140)
Spain	FMS	Analysis 1	0.388	1.518	0.166	1.548	120.972 (39)	<0.001	0.971	50
Spain	FMS	Analysis 2	0.195	0.640	−0.105	0.706	8.157 (7)	0.319	0.946	50	0.040 (−0.020 to 0.100)
Austria	OA	Analysis 1	0.147	0.827	−0.122	1.794	61.360 (39)	0.013	0.951	47
Austria	OA	Analysis 2	0.55	1.136	−0.224	1.141	12.759 (7)	0.078	0.886	47	0.085 (0.023 to 0147)
The Netherlands	OA	Analysis 1	0.431	1.497	−0.257	2.42	333.770 (273)	0.007	0.976	121
The Netherlands	OA	Analysis 2	0.294	0.784	−0.284	1.154	5.692 (7)	0.576	0.947	121	0.041 (0.003 to 0.081)
Norway	OA	Analysis 1	0.227	1.489	−0.255	1.72	113.076 (78)	0.006	0.97	138
Norway	OA	Analysis 2	0.395	0.811	−0.296	1.103	16.310 (14)	0.295	0.947	138	0.044 (0.007 to 0.081)
Portugal	OA	Analysis 1	−0.427	1.832	−1.885	3.593	78.487 (39)	<0.001	0.992	77
Portugal	OA	Analysis 2	0.493	1.710	−0.452	1.350	14.765 (7)	0.039	0.987	77	0.064 (0.016 to 0.114)
Spain	OA	Analysis 1	0.284	0.8	0.143	2.329	70.762	0.001	0.95	23
Spain	OA	Analysis 2	0.272	0.543	−0.121	0.967	7.426 (7)	0.386	0.89	23	0.130 (0.041 to 0.220)
Expected values for a perfect model fit			0	1	0	1		>0.05	>0.70		Lower-bound CI<0.05

Analysis 1=Rasch analysis of the ENAT as a 39-item scale; Analysis 2=Rasch analysis of the ENAT as a 7-domain scale.
AS, ankylosing spondylitis; DF, degrees of freedom; ENAT, educational needs assessment tool; FMS, fibromyalgia syndrome; OA, osteoarthritis; p, χ² probability (significant p, item misfit); PsA, psoriatic arthritis; PSI, Person Separation Index; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SSc, systemic sclerosis.