Crude incidence and risk of non-viral OI among patients who were new users of TNFI or non-biological DMARD
| Exposures | Events* | Person-years | Crude rate (per 1000 person-years), 95% CI | Adjusted HR† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rheumatoid arthritis | ||||
| Non-biological DMARD | 13 | 7188 | 1.8 (1.1 to 3.1) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| New users of TNFI | 67 | 22 213 | 3.0 (2.4 to 3.8) | 1.6 (0.9, 3.1) |
| Any baseline glucocorticoid use | 1.7 (1.0, 2.8) | |||
| IBD‡ | ||||
| AZA/6MP | 9 | 4595 | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.8) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| New users of TNFI (infliximab or adalimumab) | 5 | 2315 | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.2) | 0.97 (0.3, 2.8) |
| Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis | ||||
| Non-biological DMARD | 5 | 3951 | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.0) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| New users of TNFI | 6 | 4116 | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.2) | 1.4 (0.3, 6.4) |
| Any baseline glucocorticoid use | 4.7 (1.2, 19.6) | |||
| All diseases | ||||
| Comparator | 27 | 15 734 | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| New users of TNFI | 78 | 28 493 | 2.7 (2.2 to 3.4) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.6) |
| Any baseline glucocorticoid use | 2.5 (1.5, 4.0) | |||
Estimates were stratified by site and all 95% CI were based on robust SE.
*Two patients had two OI each documented. In analysis, only the first OI was counted as an event, totalling 78 in the table above.
†Adjusted by propensity score quintile and baseline glucocorticoid use 1 year before time zero (reference=no use), except for IBD model, in which inclusion of steroids produced unstable estimates.
‡The model including baseline glucocorticoid use for IBD patients resulted in unstable HR estimates.
AZA, azathioprine; DMARD, disease-modifying anti rheumatic drug; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; OI, opportunistic infections; TNFI, tumour necrosis factor α inhibitor; 6MP, 6 mercaptopurine.