Demographics |
Female:male | 66:14 |
Median age at diagnosis (years (range)) | 14.2 (5.0–17.7) |
Family history of osteoporosis (%)* | 10/63 (16) |
Ethnicity (number of patients (%)) |
Caucasian | 29 (36) |
Asian | 29 (36) |
African–American | 11 (14) |
Others | 11 (14) |
Baseline characteristics |
Mean BMI z score (SD) | −0.07 (1.0) |
Mean BMI (kg/m2 (SD)) | 19.8 (3.1) |
Pubertal status |
Prepubertal patients (%) | 19 (24) |
Pubertal patients (%) | 61 (76) |
Menstrual status (n=66) |
Premenarche (%) | 22 (33) |
Regular menstrual cycles (%) | 39 (59) |
Secondary amenorrhea (%) | 5 (8) |
Any major organ involvement | 30 (38) |
Central nervous system | 11 (14) |
Renal† | 21 (26) |
Class II | 0 |
Class III/IV (proliferative nephritis) | 15 |
Class V | 3 |
Mixed classes | 2 |
Disease activity measures |
Median SLEDAI at diagnosis (range) | 11 (2–43) |
Median ECLAM at diagnosis (range) | 5.5 (0–11) |
Treatment |
None (%) | 16 (20) |
Steroids |
No steroid (%) | 22 (28) |
Intravenous methylprednisone (%) | 10 (13) |
Median cumulative dose of steroids (mg/kg (range)) | 21.5 (0–115.5) |
Hydroxychloroquine (%) | 27 (34) |
Any immunosuppressant therapy | 19 (24) |
Azathioprine (%) | 13 (16) |
Cyclophosphamide (%) | 4 (5) |
Mycophenolate mofetil (%) | 0 (0) |
Methotrexate (%) | 0 (0) |
Cyclosporine (%) | 0 (0) |
Rituximab (%) | 2 (3) |
Laboratory parameters |
Mean ESR (mm/h (SD)) (normal 1–10 mm/h) | 56 (43) |
Mean C3 (g/l (SD)) (normal 0.77–1.43 g/l) | 0.78 (0.45) |
Mean C4 (g/l (SD)) (normal 0.07–0.40 g/l) | 0.14 (0.12) |
Mean creatinine (µmol/l (SD)) (normal <98 μmol/l) | 62 (21) |