No copies of SE (N=96) | One copy of SE (N=181) | Two copies of SE (N=78) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
General demographics | ||||
Age (years) | 61.7 (50.8–67.9) | 65.0 (57.6–71.7) | 63.6 (55.6–69.1) | 0.019 |
Sex female, n (%) | 71 (74) | 130 (71.8) | 58 (74.4) | 0.885 |
Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
Never | 141 (43.2) | 77 (43.8) | 38 (49.4) | 0.564 |
Ex-smoker | 39 (35.8) | 70 (39.8) | 30 (39.0) | |
Current | 20 (21.1) | 29 (16.5) | 9 (11.7) | |
RA characteristics | ||||
General characteristics | ||||
RF positive, n (%) | 53 (58.2) | 143 (79.9) | 64 (83.1) | <0.001 |
Anti-CCP positive, n (%) | 32 (36.0) | 131 (74.0) | 64 (86.5) | <0.001 |
Disease duration (years) | 7 (3–15.8) | 11 (5–18) | 12 (5–22) | 0.021 |
Disease activity | ||||
CRP (mg/l) | 7 (5–14) | 10 (5–25) | 10 (5.5–17) | 0.014 |
ESR | 16 (7.3–32) | 23 (10–40) | 22 (14.5–40.5) | 0.013 |
DAS28 | 4.11±1.48 | 4.3±1.4 | 4.3±1.34 | 0.502 |
Disease severity | ||||
HAQ | 1.37 (0.5–2.12) | 1.63 (0.63–2.25) | 1.38 (0.69–2.5) | 0.274 |
EAD, n (%) | 23 (74.0) | 54 (29.8) | 29 (37.2) | 0.166 |
Joint replacement surgery, n (%) | 64 (66.7) | 123 (68.0) | 54 (69.2) | 0.937 |
Medication | ||||
Methotrexate, n (%) | 48 (50.0) | 101 (55.8) | 48 (61.5) | 0.311 |
Other DMARD, n (%) | 45 (46.9) | 90 (49.7) | 36 (46.2) | 0.833 |
Anti-TNF, n (%) | 5 (5.2) | 24 (13.3) | 8 (10.3) | 0.113 |
Prednisolone, n (%) | 26 (27.1) | 71 (39.2) | 23 (29.5) | 0.084 |
Antihypertensives, n (%) | 36 (37.5) | 82 (45.3) | 34 (43.6) | 0.453 |
Statin/fibrate, n (%) | 24 (25.0) | 32 (17.7) | 17 (21.8) | 0.341 |
Lipid profile | ||||
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.41±1.03 | 5.47±1.09 | 5.59±1.37 | 0.652 |
HDL (mmol/l) | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | 1.6 (1.2–1.9) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) | 0.414 |
LDL (mmol/l) | 3.29±1.14 | 3.29±1.14 | 3.30±1.30 | 0.918 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.2 (1.0–1.7) | 1.2 (1.0–1.6) | 0.172 |
ApoA (mmol/l) | 1.76±0.51 | 1.62±0.49 | 1.62±0.39 | 0.084 |
ApoB (mmol/l) | 0.97±0.28 | 1.0±0.27 | 1.01±0.35 | 0.615 |
Lipoprotein (a) (mmol/l) | 0.11 (0.03–0.24) | 0.08 (0.03–0.21) | 1.05 (0.03–0.25) | 0.380 |
Total cholesterol:HDL ratio | 3.33±0.87 | 3.64±1.07 | 3.65±0.97 | 0.066 |
ApoB:ApoA1 ratio | 0.58±0.21 | 0.66±0.23 | 0.66±0.26 | 0.078 |
NCEP-defined dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 54 (56.3) | 108 (59.7) | 42 (53.8) | 0.659 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Insulin resistance | ||||
HOMA–IR | 1.75 (1.07–2.99) | 1.82 (1.13–3.31) | 1.99 (1.24–3.32) | 0.506 |
Hypertension | ||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 60 (62.5) | 137 (75.7) | 57 (73.1) | 0.065 |
Obesity | ||||
BMI | 28.0±4.8 | 28.0±5.15 | 26.9±4.9 | 0.252 |
Renal function | ||||
Full MDRD | 80.96±22.23 | 80.49±21.23 | 83.23±19.63 | 0.628 |
Results are expressed as percentages, median (25th to 75th percentile values) or mean±SD as appropriate.
For analysis of lipid levels and lipid ratios patients on statins and fibrates were excluded.
Anti-CCP, anticyclic citrullinated peptide; ApoA, apolipoprotein A; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; DAS28, disease activity score; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; EAD, extra-articular disease; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ, health assessment questionnaire; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA–IR, homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MDRD, modification of diet in renal disease; NCEP, National Cholesterol Education Programme; NSAID/COX II, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/cyclooxygenase II inhibitors; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RF, rheumatoid factor; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.