95% CI | 95% CI | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<18 versus ≥18 | χ2 | OR | LL | UL | p Value | 18–49 versus ≥50 | χ2 | OR | LL | UL | p Value |
Clinical features | Clinical features | ||||||||||
Malar rash | 16.77 | 2.25 | 1.51 | 3.34 | <0.0001 | Malar rash | 2.51 | 1.32 | 0.94 | 1.86 | 0.1133 |
Discoid rash | 0.01 | 0.98 | 0.56 | 1.70 | 0.9404 | Discoid rash | 1.20 | 1.32 | 0.80 | 2.17 | 0.2738 |
Photosensitivity | 0.75 | 1.19 | 0.80 | 1.77 | 0.3867 | Photosensitivity | 7.50 | 0.63 | 0.46 | 0.88 | 0.0062 |
Oral ulcer | 0.57 | 1.17 | 0.77 | 1.78 | 0.4500 | Oral ulcer | 4.64 | 1.53 | 1.04 | 2.25 | 0.0312 |
Arthritis | 4.11 | 1.62 | 1.01 | 2.58 | 0.0426 | Arthritis | 2.17 | 1.29 | 0.92 | 1.82 | 0.1408 |
Pericarditis | 1.80 | 1.37 | 0.86 | 2.18 | 0.1801 | Pericarditis | 4.32 | 1.66 | 1.02 | 2.69 | 0.0378 |
Pleuritis | 0.62 | 1.18 | 0.78 | 1.80 | 0.4329 | Pleuritis | 2.24 | 1.34 | 0.91 | 1.96 | 0.1344 |
Proteinuria | 36.10 | 3.34 | 2.21 | 5.03 | <0.0001 | Proteinuria | 40.33 | 3.80 | 2.46 | 5.88 | <0.0001 |
Cellular casts | 9.91 | 2.04 | 1.30 | 3.21 | 0.0016 | Cellular casts | 19.42 | 5.36 | 2.34 | 12.31 | <0.0001 |
Seizures | 1.33 | 1.45 | 0.77 | 2.74 | 0.2487 | Seizures | 6.15 | 3.02 | 1.21 | 7.55 | 0.0131 |
Psychosis | 0.51 | 0.5770* | Psychosis | 2.15 | 0.2580* | ||||||
Leucopenia | 3.11 | 1.43 | 0.96 | 2.12 | 0.0780 | Leucopenia | 2.37 | 1.33 | 0.93 | 1.90 | 0.1234 |
Lymphopenia | 0.26 | 1.11 | 0.75 | 1.64 | 0.6130 | Lymphopenia | 1.42 | 1.23 | 0.88 | 1.72 | 0.2342 |
Thrombocytopenia | 3.04 | 1.52 | 0.95 | 2.43 | 0.0814 | Thrombocytopenia | 5.15 | 1.83 | 1.08 | 3.09 | 0.0233 |
Haemolytic anaemia | 12.94 | 2.73 | 1.55 | 4.81 | 0.0003 | Haemolytic anaemia | 0.71 | 1.38 | 0.65 | 2.93 | 0.3993 |
Autoantibodies | Autoantibodies | ||||||||||
Anti-dsDNA | 11.22 | 1.95 | 1.31 | 2.90 | 0.0008 | Anti-dsDNA | 5.98 | 1.64 | 1.10 | 2.44 | 0.0144 |
Anti-Sm | 0.85 | 0.69 | 0.31 | 1.52 | 0.3576 | Anti-Sm | 5.35 | 2.45 | 1.12 | 5.37 | 0.0208 |
Anti-nRNP | 5.37 | 0.53 | 0.31 | 0.91 | 0.0205 | Anti-nRNP | 5.03 | 1.62 | 1.06 | 2.47 | 0.0249 |
Anti-Ro | 0.71 | 0.81 | 0.49 | 1.33 | 0.3992 | Anti-Ro | 0.08 | 0.95 | 0.64 | 1.39 | 0.7818 |
Anti-La | 0.25 | 0.79 | 0.31 | 2.00 | 0.6173 | Anti-La | 1.62 | 0.67 | 0.36 | 1.25 | 0.2035 |
Anti-ribosomal P | 0.51 | 1.0000* | Anti-ribosomal P | 0.97 | 1.0000* | ||||||
aCL IgG | 1.74 | 1.31 | 0.88 | 1.95 | 0.1875 | aCL IgG | 1.43 | 1.24 | 0.87 | 1.78 | 0.2313 |
aCL IgM | 0.06 | 1.09 | 0.57 | 2.08 | 0.8061 | aCL IgM | 0.18 | 1.13 | 0.63 | 2.04 | 0.6739 |
↵* Fisher's exact two-tailed p value.
aCL, anticardiolipin antibodies, LL, lower limit; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; UL, upper limit.