GEE results (OR (95% CI)) for the outcomes erosion progression, joint space narrowing progression and Sharp–van der Heijde progression yes/no, with swelling ever (model 1), tenderness ever (model 2) or both (model 3) as determinants
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erosion progression | JSN progression | SHS progression | Erosion progression | JSN progression | SHS progression | Erosion progression | JSN progression | SHS progression | |
| Swollen, ever | 2.2* (1.6 to 3.2) | 2.4* (1.7 to 3.3) | 2.1* (1.6 to 2.7) | – | – | – | 1.6* (1.2 to 2.2) | 1.9* (1.4 to 2.6) | 1.6* (1.2 to 2.0) |
| Tender, ever | – | – | – | 2.7* (1.8 to 3.9) | 2.4* (1.6 to 3.5) | 2.4* (1.8 to 3.2) | 2.0* (1.4 to 2.9) | 1.7* (1.2 to 2.4) | 1.9* (1.4 to 2.5) |
| Total SHS baseline | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.00 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.01 to 1.04) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.00 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.01 to 1.04) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.00 to 1.04) | 1.02* (1.01 to 1.02) |
| Erosions baseline in individual joint | 3.5* (1.9 to 6.3) | – | – | 3.2* (1.8 to 5.7) | – | – | 3.3* (1.9 to 6.0) | – | – |
| JSN baseline in individual joint | – | 2.7* (1.8 to 4.2) | – | – | 2.8* (1.8 to 4.3) | – | – | 2.7* (1.7 to 4.2) | – |
| SHS baseline in individual joint | – | – | 2.9* (2.0 to 4.1) | – | – | 2.8* (2.0 to 4.0) | – | – | 2.8* (2.0 to 4.0) |
| Age, years | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.97 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.97 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) | 0.98* (0.96 to 0.99) |
| Female gender | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.31) | 0.89 (0.50 to 1.63) | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.28) | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.29) | 0.89 (0.49 to 1.6) | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.27) | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.27) | 0.89 (0.49 to 1.62) | 0.77 (0.48 to 1.25) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.03) | 0.99 (0.92 to 1.06) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.02) | 0.98 (0.91 to 1.05) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.04) | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.02) | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.06) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) |
| ESR, mm/h | 1.01* (1.00 to 1.02) | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.03) | 1.01* (1.01 to 1.02) | 1.01* (1.01 to 1.02) | 1.02* (1.01 to 1.03) | 1.01* (1.01 to 1.02) | 1.01* (1.00 to 1.02) | 1.02* (1.01 to 1.03) | 1.01* (1.01 to 1.02) |
| RF+ and CCP+ | 6.0* (2.8 to 12.6) | 6.2* (3.1 to 12.4) | 6.6* (3.6 to 11.8) | 5.7* (2.7 to 12.0) | 5.6* (2.7 to 11.4) | 5.7* (3.1 to 10.4) | 5.9* (2.8 to 12.3) | 5.9* (2.9 to 12.0) | 6.1* (3.4 to 11.0) |
| RF+ or CCP+ | 5.1* (2.1 to 12.5) | 3.1* (1.2 to 8.2) | 5.2* (2.6 to 10.4) | 4.9* (2.0 to 11.7) | 2.9* (1.1 to 7.7) | 4.6* (2.3 to 9.2) | 5.2* (2.2 to 12.6) | 3.0* (1.1 to 8.0) | 5.0* (2.5 to 9.9) |
| RF– and CCP– | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Sequential monotherapy | 4.5* (2.3 to 8.7) | 3.4* (1.9 to 6.3) | 3.6* (2.1 to 6.2) | 4.1* (2.1 to 8.0) | 3.1* (1.7 to 5.6) | 3.2* (1.9 to 5.5) | 4.4* (2.3 to 8.6) | 3.3* (1.8 to 6.1) | 3.5* (2.1 to 5.9) |
| Step-up combination treatment | 3.4* (1.8 to 6.5) | 3.1* (1.6 to 6.3) | 3.6* (2.2 to 6.2) | 3.2* (1.6 to 6.2) | 2.9* (1.5 to 5.9) | 3.4* (2.0 to 5.7) | 3.3* (1.7 to 6.3) | 3.0* (1.5 to 6.1) | 3.5* (2.1 to 5.9) |
| Initial combination with prednisone | 0.91 (0.40 to 2.1) | 2.2* (1.1 to 4.6) | 1.5 (0.84 to 2.7) | 0.79 (0.34 to 1.8) | 2.0 (0.99 to 4.0) | 1.3 (0.72 to 2.3) | 0.86 (0.37 to 1.9) | 2.2* (1.1 to 4.4) | 1.4 (0.79 to 2.5) |
| Initial combination with infliximab | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
↵* Statistical significance (p<0.05).
CCP, cyclic citrullinated peptide; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GEE, generalised estimating equations; JSN, joint space narrowing; RF, rheumatoid factor; SHS, Sharp–van der Heijde score.