Table 2

RR of RA overall, ACPA-positive RA and ACPA-negative RA according to different kinds of vaccinations up to 5 years before RA onset

Kind of vaccinationCases/controlsOR (95% CI)*
Total RAFlu272/2591.1 (0.9 to 1.3)
Tetanus170/1791.0 (0.8 to 1.2)
Diphtheria71/701.0 (0.7 to 1.4)
Tickborne encephalitis91/1120.8 (0.6 to 1.1)
Hepatitis (A, B, C)105/1240.9 (0.7 to 1.2)
Polio29/311.1 (0.6 to 1.8)
Pneumococcus22/221.0 (0.5 to 1.9)
No vaccination (ref)1269/13671.0
ACPA-positive RAFlu158/2591.0 (0.8 to 1.3)
Tetanus105/1791.0 (0.7 to 1.2)
Diphtheria41/700.9 (0.6 to 1.4)
Tickborne encephalitis53/1140.7 (0.5 to 1.0)
Hepatitis (A, B, C)68/1240.9 (0.7 to 1.2)
Polio14/310.8 (0.4 to 1.4)
Pneumococcus12/220.9 (0.5 to 1.9)
No vaccination (ref)792/13671.0
ACPA-negative RAFlu107/2591.1 (0.9 to 1.5)
Tetanus63/1791.0 (0.7 to 1.4)
Diphtheria30/701.3 (0.8 to 2.0)
Tickborne encephalitis33/1120.8 (0.5 to 1.2)
Hepatitis (A, B, C)36/1240.8 (0.6 to 1.2)
Polio14/311.3 (0.7 to 2.5)
Pneumococcus9/221.0 (0.5 to 2.3)
No vaccination (ref)460/13671.0
  • * Adjusted for age, residential area and gender.

  • ACPA status missing for 31 cases.

  • ACPA, antibodies to citrullinated peptides; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. RR, relative risk.