Effects of antimalarials on survival
| Reference | Type of study | n | HCQ/CQ | Race | Age (mean) | Main outcome | AM effect |
| Hernandez-Cruz et al, 200153 | Case-control | 152 | CQ | Mexican | 28 | Survival | Dose of CQ in dead vs alive 3.9 vs 39.4 (p<0.001) |
| CQ non-significant predictor of survival in logistic regression | |||||||
| Ruiz-Irastorza et al, 200644 | Prospective cohort with propensity score analysis | 232 | HCQ/CQ | W (99%) | 36.2 | Survival | Adjusted HR 0.14 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.48) |
| Causes of death | No cardiovascular deaths in AM group vs 7 in the untreated group | ||||||
| Alarcon et al, 200752 | Case-control with propensity score analysis | 244 | HCQ | H (33%) | 35 | Survival | Adjusted OR 0.319 (95% CI 0.118 to 0.864) |
| B (38%) | |||||||
| W (29%) |
AM, antimalarial; B, black; CQ, chloroquine; H, Hispanic; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio; W, white.