Table 1

 Important questions to be answered in future combination studies

• Can remission rates be improved if combination therapy is started during the “very early” phase?
• Should combination therapy be used first in all patients or only in a proportion of patients not responding to DMARD monotherapy?
• If combination therapy is used first, what is the optimal maintenance regimen?
• Is it best to use anti-TNF in all patients or only in patients with suboptimal response to methotrexate?
• Should corticosteroids be used in all patients? If so, should it be used in a high dose or low dose?
• What is the role of leflunomide in early RA?
• Would different strategies work best with one combination of drugs rather than another?
• Which subsets of patients would benefit the most from combination therapy? Should the most aggressive treatment be offered to patients who are likely to have a worse long term outcome?