Anatomical structure with ultrasound plane; localisation of measurement; mean, maximum, and minimum value; and two standard deviations at the shoulders and the sternoclavicular joints
| Anatomical structure | Ultrasound plane | Exact localisation | Mean value (mm) | Minimum (mm) | Maximum (mm) | 2 SD (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biceps tendon (long head): transverse diameter | Biceps tendon: transverse | Distal end of rotator cuff | 5.0 | 2.1 | 8.8 | 2.1 |
| Biceps tendon (long head): sagittal diameter | Biceps tendon: longitudinal | Distal end of rotator cuff | 2.6 | 1.5 | 6.0 | 1.4 |
| Biceps tendon (long head): hypoechoic rim | Biceps tendon: longitudinal | Localisation of maximum diameter | 1.4 | 0.5 | 5.3 | 1.4 |
| Subscapularis tendon: sagittal diameter | Shoulder: anterior transverse, max. external rotation | 2 cm medial of biceps tendon | 4.2 | 2.4 | 6.5 | 1.6 |
| Supraspinatus tendon: sagittal diameter | Shoulder: anterior transverse, 60° internal rotation | 2 cm lateral of biceps tendon | 4.6 | 1.6 | 8.0 | 1.9 |
| Humeral head: cartilage below the supraspinatus tendon | Shoulder: anterior transverse, 60° internal rotation | 2 cm lateral of biceps tendon | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 0.6 |
| Infraspinatus tendon: sagittal diameter | Shoulder: posterior transverse, 60° internal rotation | Maximum posterior point | 3.8 | 1.9 | 6.9 | 1.8 |
| Distance between humeral head and acromion | Shoulder: lateral longitudinal, 60° internal rotation | Strictly lateral (cranial side of acromion) | 10.9 | 5.9 | 19.6 | 4.2 |
| Humeral head: erosion longitudinal | Shoulder: anterior, lateral or posterior longitudinal | On site of greatest erosion | 3.9 | 1.1 | 11.4 | 4.8 |
| Humeral head: erosion transverse | Shoulder: anterior, lateral or posterior transverse | On site of greatest erosion | 3.7 | 1.0 | 9.4 | 3.7 |
| Humeral head: erosion sagittal | Shoulder: anterior, lateral or posterior transverse | On site of greatest erosion | 2.3 | 0.8 | 5.1 | 1.8 |
| Subdeltoid bursa: sagittal | Shoulder: lateral longitudinal | Maximum diameter | 0.5 | 0.1 | 2.7 | 0.6 |
| Axillary recess: sagittal | Axillary recess: longitudinal | Middle of concavity of humeral neck | 2.2 | 0.4 | 6.2 | 1.6 |
| Acromioclavicular joint, bone-capsule distance: medial | Acromioclavicular joint: transverse | Lateral end of clavicula | 1.7 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 1.4 |
| Acromioclavicular joint bone-capsule distance: lateral | Acromioclavicular joint: transverse | Medial end of acromion | 2.5 | 0.4 | 5.0 | 1.7 |
| Acromioclavicular joint space | Acromioclavicular joint: transverse | Cranial aspect: clavicula/acromion | 5.2 | 1.8 | 11.3 | 3.3 |
| Sternoclavicular joint, bone-capsule distance: medial | Sternoclavicular joint: oblique | Cranial lateral end of sternum | 0.9 | 0.1 | 3.8 | 1.3 |
| Sternoclavicular joint bone-capsule distance: lateral | Sternoclavicular joint: oblique | Medial end of clavicula | 1.5 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 1.6 |
| Sternoclavicular joint, joint space | Sternoclavicular joint: oblique | Anterior aspect: sternum/clavicula | 8.2 | 1.5 | 15.6 | 5.3 |