Relative risk of developing rheumatoid factor (RF) positive rheumatoid arthritis, RF negative rheumatoid arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis overall for subjects with different levels of formal education compared with a university degree, by sex
| RF+ RA | RF− RA | Total RA | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca/Co | RR | 95% CI | Ca/Co | RR | 95% CI | Ca/Co | RR | 95% CI | |||
| †Reference group. | |||||||||||
| Ca/Co, number of exposed cases/number of exposed controls; CI, confidence interval; RF, rheumatoid factor; RR, relative risk adjusted for age and residential area, or for age, residential area, and sex (category “All”). | |||||||||||
| Women | |||||||||||
| Compulsory school | 140/212 | 1.6 | 1.1 to 2.4 | 60/212 | 1.0 | 0.6 to 1.7 | 200/212 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.9 | ||
| Vocational upper secondary school | 46/69 | 1.8 | 1.1 to 3.0 | 29/69 | 1.4 | 0.8 to 2.5 | 75/69 | 1.6 | 1.0 to 2.5 | ||
| Theoretical upper secondary school | 49/94 | 1.6 | 0.9 to 2.6 | 25/94 | 0.9 | 0.5 to 1.6 | 74/94 | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.8 | ||
| Other education | 105/209 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.9 | 56/209 | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.2 | 161/209 | 1.1 | 0.8 to 1.5 | ||
| University degree† | 82/204 | 1.0 | – | 61/204 | 1.0 | – | 143/204 | 1.0 | – | ||
| Men | |||||||||||
| Compulsory school | 62/95 | 2.1 | 1.1 to 4.1 | 28/95 | 1.7 | 0.7 to 4.1 | 90/95 | 2.0 | 1.1 to 3.5 | ||
| Vocational upper secondary school | 33/65 | 1.5 | 0.7 to 3.2 | 18/65 | 2.0 | 0.7 to 5.3 | 51/65 | 1.7 | 0.9 to 3.3 | ||
| Theoretical upper secondary school | 27/38 | 2.2 | 0.9 to 5.1 | 9/38 | 1.5 | 0.5 to 4.8 | 36/38 | 2.0 | 1.0 to 4.2 | ||
| Other education | 40/62 | 2.1 | 1.1 to 4.0 | 25/62 | 4.0 | 1.5 to 10.5 | 65/62 | 2.5 | 1.4 to 4.5 | ||
| University degree† | 22/75 | 1.0 | – | 12/75 | 1.0 | – | 34/75 | 1.0 | – | ||
| All | |||||||||||
| Compulsory school | 202/307 | 1.7 | 1.2 to 2.5 | 88/307 | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.8 | 290/307 | 1.5 | 1.1 to 2.0 | ||
| Vocational upper secondary school | 79/134 | 1.7 | 1.1 to 2.6 | 47/134 | 1.5 | 0.9 to 2.5 | 126/134 | 1.6 | 1.1 to 2.3 | ||
| Theoretical upper secondary school | 76/132 | 1.7 | 1.1 to 2.6 | 34/132 | 1.0 | 0.6 to 1.7 | 110/132 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.9 | ||
| Other education | 145/271 | 1.4 | 1.0 to 2.0 | 81/271 | 1.1 | 0.7 to 1.6 | 226/271 | 1.3 | 1.0 to 1.7 | ||
| University degree† | 104/279 | 1.0 | – | 73/279 | 1.0 | – | 177/279 | 1.0 | – | ||