Metatarsal fractures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
| Patients | Unilateral fractures | Bilateral fractures | Osteoporosis (mean T and Z scores) | Normal BMD (no osteoporosis, n = 14) | Chronic metabolic disease | Serum calcium*; normal range, 2.20–2.60 mmol/l | Serum alkaline phosphatase; normal range, 31–116 IU/l | Serum phosphate; normal range, 0.8–1.15 mmol/l | Prednisolone >15 mg/d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Corrected for albumin. | |||||||||
| APS, antiphospholipid syndrome; BMD, bone mineral density; DM, diabetes mellitus; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus. | |||||||||
| Primary APS (n = 2) | 1 | 1 | 2 | Nil | 2.26 | 84 | 1.3 | None | |
| SLE and aPL+ (n = 15) | 11 | 4 | 4 T = −2.7; Z = −2.65 | 11 | 1 (DM) | 2.34 | 78 | 1.4 | 4 |
| SLE and aPL− (n = 2) | 1 | 1 | 1 T = −2.85; Z = −2.72 | 1 | Nil. | 2.35 | 113 | 1.1 | 1 |