Comparison between the normal ABI group (ABI⩾1.00) and the low ABI group (ABI<1.00)
| Group study | SLE | SLE + aCL/LA | SLE+APS | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | ABI⩾1 | ABI<1 | p | ABI⩾1 | ABI<1 | p | ABI⩾1 | ABI<1 | p | ABI⩾1 | ABI<1 | p | |
| Number | 91 | 57 | 34 | 42 | 24 | 11 | 8 | 4 | 2 | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 39.0 (9.2) | 37.25 (8.78) | 41.91 (9.26) | 0.02 | 37.10 (9.04) | 39.21 (9.24) | NS | 39.82 (7.31) | 47.0 (5.18) | 0.03 | 31.75 (9.0) | 54.0 (1.41) | 0.03 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 25.06 (5.46) | 25.22 (5.32) | 24.79 (5.74) | NS | 25.32 (5.53) | 24.04 (5.93) | NS | 24.36 (3.23) | 26.79 (5.49) | NS | 26.5 (8.46) | 25.75 (4.6) | NS |
| ECLAM score, mean (SD) | 2.36 (1.52) | 2.57 (1.54) | 2.0 (1.43) | NS | 2.48 (1.45) | 2.23 (1.29) | NS | 2.68 (1.72) | 1.44 (1.7) | NS | 3.25 (2.22) | 1.5 (2.12) | NS |
| Duration of disease (years), mean (SD) | 9.0 (7.5) | 7.97 (6.36) | 10.9 (8.74) | NS | 7.7 (6.19) | 9.25 (6.66) | NS | 8.09 (6.09) | 14.81 (11.26) | NS | 10.5 (9.95) | 15.0 (19.8) | NS |
| Sex (female, male) | 86, 5 | 53, 4 | 33, 1 | NS | 40, 2 | 24, 0 | NS | 9, 2 | 7, 1 | NS | 4, 0 | 2, 0 | – |
| Race (white, black, oriental-Asian, Indian-Asian) | 59, 22, 7, 3 | 37, 12, 7, 1 | 22, 10, 0, 2 | NS | 28, 9, 4, 1 | 13, 9, 0, 1 | NS | 6, 3, 2, 0 | 7, 1, 0, 1 | NS | 3, 0, 1, 0 | 2, 0, 0, 0 | NS |
| Obesity (%) | 38.5 | 40.4 | 35.3 | NS | 47.6 | 29.2 | NS | 18.2 | 50 | NS | |||
| Smoking (%) | 23.1 | 28.1 | 14.7 | NS | 31.0 | 16.7 | NS | 18.2 | 12.5 | NS | |||
| Arterial hypertension (%) | 24.2 | 29.8 | 14.7 | NS | 21.4 | 12.5 | NS | 45.5 | 25 | NS | |||
| Diabetes (%) | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.9 | NS | 4.8 | 4.2 | NS | 9.1 | 0 | NS | |||
| Hypothyroidism (%) | 9.9 | 8.8 | 11.8 | NS | 9.5 | 8.3 | NS | 9.1 | 12.5 | NS | |||
| Hyperlipidaemia (%) | 24.2 | 19.3 | 33.3 | NS | 19.0 | 25 | NS | 18.2 | 50 | NS | |||
| Nephrotic syndrome (%) | 19.8 | 26.3 | 8.8 | 0.04 | 23.8 | 12.5 | NS | 27.3 | 0 | NS | |||
| Family history positive (%) | 35.2 | 29.8 | 44.1 | NS | 35.7 | 50 | NS | 18.2 | 37.5 | NS | |||
| Raynaud’s phenomenon (%) | 50.5 | 50.9 | 50.0 | NS | 57.2 | 54.2 | NS | 45.5 | 37.5 | NS | |||
| Arterial thrombosis (%) | 5.5 | 7.0 | 2.9 | NS | 7.1 | 0 | NS | ||||||
| Venous thrombosis (%) | 16.5 | 15.8 | 17.6 | NS | 11.9 | 12.5 | NS | ||||||
| MI (%) | 1.1 | 1.8 | 0 | NS | 2.4 | 0 | NS | ||||||
| Stroke (%) | 4.4 | 5.3 | 2.9 | NS | 4.8 | 0 | NS | ||||||
| Thrombosis (%) | 18.7 | 19.3 | 17.6 | NS | 16.7 | 12.5 | NS | ||||||
| Steroid treatment (years), mean (SD) | 3.73 (4.49) | 3.96 (4.62) | 3.34 (4.31) | NS | 4.19 (4.82) | 3.48 (4.18) | NS | 3.36 (3.38) | 3.5 (5.35) | NS | 3.25 (5.25) | 1.0 (0) | NS |
| Multivariate analysis | |||||||||||||
| Age | 0.03 | ||||||||||||
| Nephrotic syndrome | NS | ||||||||||||