TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the targets in SLE management: insights and unmet gaps JF - Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases JO - Ann Rheum Dis SP - 1483 LP - 1485 DO - 10.1136/ard-2022-222991 VL - 81 IS - 11 AU - Margherita Zen AU - Mariele Gatto AU - Andrea Doria Y1 - 2022/11/01 UR - http://ard.bmj.com/content/81/11/1483.abstract N2 - Over the last decade, the application of new therapeutic strategies and the availability of newer molecules have ‘raised the bar’ regarding goals and expectations for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) management, and there is now consensus that disease remission should be the ultimate goal when treating patients with SLE, while low disease activity (LDA) could be considered a suitable alternative outcome only when remission cannot be achieved,1 typically in patients with refractory disease.It has to be pointed out that experts consider very important to have a unified definition of remission and LDA in order to be able to compare the results of different studies. This is the reason why a considerable effort in establishing an agreed-upon definition of remission and LDA has been shared among researchers in the last few years.2–4 In 2015, the Definitions Of Remission In SLE (DORIS) Task Force has been set up, and in 2021, the DORIS definition of remission has been published.5 Clinical remission in SLE can be conceptualised as the absence of clinical manifestations or urinary or haematological abnormalities due to active immune pathways. The concept underlying such definition is that patients in a sustained state of remission would not experience pathological consequences of the disease over time. In the same years, the Asia Pacific Collaboration group proposed and validated the lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) definition.6 Since then, a huge amount of data regarding prevalence, durability, and protective effect of remission and LLDAS on disease outcomes such as damage, quality of life and flare rate has been accrued.7–13 These studies validated the definitions of DORIS remission and LLDAS worldwide.Nevertheless, there are setting in which the application of these definitions is not possible. This is the case of the study by Ugarte-Gil et al,14 carried … ER -