TY - JOUR T1 - Gene profiling reveals specific molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome with lupus JF - Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases JO - Ann Rheum Dis SP - 1441 LP - 1449 DO - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204600 VL - 74 IS - 7 AU - Carlos Perez-Sanchez AU - Nuria Barbarroja AU - Sebastiano Messineo AU - Patricia Ruiz-Limon AU - Antonio Rodriguez-Ariza AU - Yolanda Jimenez-Gomez AU - Munther A Khamashta AU - Eduardo Collantes-Estevez AU - Mª Jose Cuadrado AU - Mª Angeles Aguirre AU - Chary Lopez-Pedrera Y1 - 2015/07/01 UR - http://ard.bmj.com/content/74/7/1441.abstract N2 - Objective To identify shared and differential molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AT) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and APS associated with SLE (APS plus SLE).Methods 129 patients (42 APS, 31 APS plus SLE and 56 SLE) and 61 healthy donors were included. Microarray expression profiling was performed in monocytes. RT-PCR of selected genes and western blot were used to validate microarray data. Clinical and inflammatory parameters were also analysed.Results Compared with controls, 555, 1224 and 518 genes were differentially expressed in monocytes from SLE, APS plus SLE and APS patients, respectively. Approximately 25–30% of differentially expressed genes were related to AT and CVD. Each disease displayed a specific AT/CVD/Inflammation-related gene signature. Compared with SLE, APS showed alterations in mitochondria biogenesis and function and oxidative stress. Besides the interferon signature, found in APS plus SLE and SLE patients, various genes mediating atherosclerotic/inflammatory signalling were also differentially expressed in APS plus SLE. IgG-anticardiolipin (aCL) titres independently predicted both atherosclerotic and thrombosis in APS plus SLE. Moreover, a significant correlation of IgG-aCL titres with mRNA levels of certain inflammatory molecules in monocytes was further noticed. In vitro treatment of monocytes with IgG-aCL promoted an increase in the expression of the genes most significantly changed in APS plus SLE versus healthy donors.Conclusions Gene expression profiling allows the segregation of APS, APS plus SLE and SLE, with specific signatures explaining the pro-atherosclerotic and pro-thrombotic alterations in these highly related autoimmune diseases. ER -