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It is currently unknown whether immunosuppressive and/or immunomodulating agents such as biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) affect the rate and the outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs). While several national authorities have defined patients under immunosuppressive therapy as at risk for severe COVID-19,1 accumulating data from individual cases and also from case series, such as a series from Italy published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases by Monti et al 2 and a report about patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases from New York,3 suggest that baseline use of bDMARDs is not associated with worse COVID-19 outcome. Although the idea of a potentially protective effect of bDMRADs in COVID-19 is intriguing, we feel that extrapolation of these initial data is dangerous and potentially harmful. In particular, some caution may have to be applied when employing rituximab (RTX), a B-cell depleting bDMARD, in patients with immune-mediated disease. This notion may be illustrated by the following observations:
We recently lost two patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with RTX to lethal COVID-19. The first patient, a 71-year-old man with rheumatoid factor …