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  • Clinical manifestations, disease activity and disease burden of radiographic versus non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis over 5 years of follow-up in the DESIR cohort

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Spondyloarthritis
Clinical manifestations, disease activity and disease burden of radiographic versus non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis over 5 years of follow-up in the DESIR cohort
  1. Clementina López-Medina1,2,3,
  2. Anna Molto1,2,
  3. Pascal Claudepierre4,5,
  4. Maxime Dougados1,2
  1. 1 Rheumatology, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
  2. 2 Inserm (U1153), Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Paris, France
  3. 3 Department of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
  4. 4 Department of Rheumatology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Creteil, France
  5. 5 University Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
  1. Correspondence to Dr Clementina López-Medina, Rheumatology, Hospital Cochin, Paris, Île-de-France 14004, France; clementinalopezmedina{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Objectives To compare the clinical manifestations, disease activity and disease burden between patients with radiographic (r-axSpA) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) over a 5-year follow-up period in the Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifferénciées Récentes (DESIR) cohort.

Methods Patients from the DESIR cohort who had X-ray images of the sacroiliac joints available at baseline and did not leave the study during the 5-year follow-up period because of a diagnosis other than axSpA were included. A unilateral rating of ‘obvious sacroiliitis’ by the local reader was considered sufficient for classification as r-axSpA. The incidence of first episodes of peripheral and extra-rheumatic manifestations was compared between the two groups using the incidence rate ratio and Cox regressions adjusted for sex, age and tumour necrosis factor blocker (TNFb) intake. Mean values of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and days of sick leave over 5 years of follow-up were compared using mixed models adjusted for sex, age, TNFb intake and baseline values.

Results In total, 669 patients were included, of whom 185 (27.7%) and 484 (72.3%) were classified as r-axSpA and nr-axSpA, respectively. At baseline, the r-axSpA patients showed a significantly higher prevalence of males. After adjusting for age, sex and TNFb intake, Cox regressions for peripheral and extra-rheumatic manifestations did not show any significant differences between groups. Mixed models also showed similar mean levels in PROs and days of sick leave between groups over time.

Conclusion The incidence of peripheral and extra-rheumatic manifestations as well as the disease burden over time remained similar between r-axSpA and nr-axSpA groups after adjusting for intermediate variables.

Trial registration number NCT01648907

  • axial spondyloarthritis
  • peripheral manifestations
  • patient-reported outcomes

https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216218

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    Footnotes

    • Handling editor Josef S Smolen

    • Contributors The author and co-authors contributed equally to this paper: design of the work, analysis and/or interpretation of data, drafting the work or revising it critically, and final approval of the version to be published. The corresponding author certifies that all authors approved the entirety of the submitted material and contributed actively to the study.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval Comitte de Protection des Personnes Ile de France III.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement The data sets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to consent restrictions. Programming codes used for statistical analysis during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.