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Handling editor Josef S Smolen
YY and CS contributed equally.
Contributors YY collected the data and participated in follow-ups. CS provided the figure and wrote the manuscript. ZZ performed statistical analysis. FW and YSun collected the clinical data at baseline. JT and H-LL helped to prepare the table. XC accessed the disease activity of patients with APS. YSu revised the manuscript. HS helped to the follow-ups. CY designed, participated in follow-ups. JY designed the study, contributed to the discussion and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81801592) and Shanghai Sailing Programme (18YF1414100), Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (SHDC2020CR4011).
Competing interests None declared.
Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.