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Basic and clinical science in paediatric rheumatology
OP0061 Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: a multicenter study in 847 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients
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  1. CA Silva1,
  2. G Blay2,
  3. JC Rodrigues3,
  4. GN Leal2,
  5. JC Ferreira2,
  6. G Novak2,
  7. RMR Pereira4,
  8. MT Terreri5,
  9. CS Magalhães6,
  10. BC Molinari2,
  11. AP Sakamoto5,
  12. NE Aikawa2,4,
  13. LMA Campos2,
  14. TAP Fernandes6,
  15. G Clemente5,
  16. OAB Peracchi5,
  17. V Bugni5,
  18. R Marini7,
  19. SB Sacchetti8,
  20. LM Carvalho9,
  21. MM Fraga10,
  22. TCM Castro11,
  23. VC Ramos12,
  24. E Bonfá2,
  25. CA Silva2,3,
  26. on behalf of Brazilian Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Group
  1. 1Pediatric Rheumatology Divisions, Brazilian Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Group, São Paulo state
  2. 2Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo
  3. 3Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Children's Institute, FMUSP
  4. 4Division of Rheumatology, FMUSP
  5. 5Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
  6. 6São Paulo State University (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu
  7. 7São Paulo State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
  8. 8Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericόrdia de São Paulo
  9. 9Ribeirão Preto Medical School – University of São Paulo
  10. 10Hospital Darcy Vargas
  11. 11Hospital Menino Jesus
  12. 12Pontifical Catholic University of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Background Data of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients are limited due to the small representation of this complication in previous case series or the focus on the comparison to adult SLE, precluding an accurate analysis of associated factors and outcomes in patients with and without this severe complication.

Objectives To evaluate prevalence, clinical manifestations, laboratory abnormalities and treatment in a multicenter cohort study including 847 cSLE patients with and without diffuse DAH, as well as concomitant parameters of severity.

Methods DAH was defined as the presence of at least three respiratory symptoms or signs associated with diffuse interstitial/alveolar infiltrates on chest x-ray or high-resolution computer tomography and sudden drop in hemoglobin levels with no other source of bleeding. Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was performed adjusting the significance level (p<0.0022).

Results DAH was evidenced in 19/847 (2.2%) cSLE patients. Cough/dyspnea/tachycardia/hypoxemia occurred in all cSLE patients with DAH. Concomitant parameters of severity observed were: mechanical ventilation in 14/19 (74%), hemoptysis 12/19 (63%), macrophage activation syndrome 2/19 (10%) and death 9/19 (47%). Further analysis of cSLE patients at DAH diagnosis compared to 76 cSLE control patients without DAH with same disease duration [3 (1–151) vs. 4 (1–151) months, p=0.335], showed higher frequencies of constitutional involvement (74% vs. 10%, p<0.0001), serositis (63% vs. 6%, p<0.0001) and sepsis (53% vs. 9%, p<0.0001) in the DAH group. The median of disease activity score (SLEDAI-2K) was significantly higher in cSLE patients with DAH [18 (5–40) vs. 6 (0–44), p<0.0001]. The frequencies of thrombocytopenia (53% vs. 12%, p<0.0001), intravenous methylprednisolone (95% vs. 16%, p<0.0001) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (47% vs. 8%, p<0.0001) were also significantly higher in DAH patients.

Conclusions This is the largest study to evaluate DAH. This complication, although not a disease activity score descriptor, occurs in the context of significant moderate/severe cSLE flare. Importantly, we identified that this condition is associated with serious disease flare complicated by sepsis and with high mortality rate.

Acknowledgements This study was supported by research grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnolόgico (CNPq 301805/2013-0 to RMRP, 303752/2015-7 to MTT, 301479/2015-1 to CSM, 305068/2014-8 to EB and 303422/2015-7 to CAS), Federico Foundation (to EB, RMRP and CAS) and by Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa “Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente” da USP (NAP-CriAd) to CAS.

Disclosure of Interest : None declared

https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.4826

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