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Abstract
Background Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease with predominantly axial or peripheral involvement.
Objectives To present baseline characteristics of different groups of SpA patients.
Methods 244 patients diagnosed with SpA were examined between 2012–2015 and divided into 5 subsets: early non-radiographic axial SpA (nr-axSPA), prevalent nr-axSpA, early ankylosing spondylitis (AS) prevalent AS, peripheral SpA (pSpA), according to the time of diagnosis (more or less than 3 years from baseline examination) and according to the imaging arm of ASAS criteria for axSpA and for pSpA. The analysis included: gender, age/type of first symptoms, age at diagnosis, family history, inflammatory back pain, history of peripheral or girdle arthritis and extraarticular manifestations, previous/present medication (NSAIDs, DMARDs, glucocorticoids, biological agents), smoking, BMI, spinal mobility, MASES, swollen/tender joints, physician global assessment (MDGAS), ASDAS-CRP, BASDAI, BASFI, quality of life outcomes (ASQol, SF-36, EuroQol, HAQ, WPAI), HLA-B27, ESR, CRP. Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc analysis were used, data are presented as mean±SD.
Results We found a significant difference in gender: majority of nr-axSpA patients as well as pSpA were females in contrast to subsets of AS patients. Patients with early AS developed first symptoms earlier compared to patients with early nr-axSpA and pSpA. Prevalent subsets had higher occurrence of girdle and peripheral arthritis compared to early subsets. Previous treatment with DMARDs was significantly higher in patients with prevalent nr-axSpA and pSpA compared to the remaining subsets. Patients in AS subsets compared to nr-axSpA subsets had significantly worse spinal mobility (fleche, modified Schober distance). BASDAI was significantly higher in prevalent nr-axSpA compared to early nr-axSpA and early AS. BASFI was significantly higher in prevalent nr-axSpA compared to early nr-axSpA. ASQol values were significantly higher in prevalent nr-axSpA and pSpA compared to early nr-axSpA. Almost all SF-36 values and EuroQol were significantly lower in pSpA compared to axSpA (especially early subsets). WPAI values showed worse work conditions (absenteeism, presenteeism, work productivity and activity impairment) in pSpA compared to all subsets of axSpA, especially nr-axSpA with significant differences in all parameters. CRP levels were significantly higher in AS subsets compared to nr-axSpA subsets. We did not find significant difference in HLA-27 positivity across analyzed subsets, however nr-axSpA groups had tendency to lower percentage of HLA-B27 positivity compared to the remaining groups.
Conclusions The results of our study are comparable to other SpA cohorts described in the literature. In addition, we demonstrated worse quality of life and work limitations in patients with pSpA than in those with axSpA.
Acknowledgement Supported by MHCR 23728
Disclosure of Interest None declared