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Concordance of the management of chronic gout in a UK primary-care population with the EULAR gout recommendations
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  1. Edward Roddy,
  2. Weiya Zhang,
  3. Michael Doherty
  1. Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, UK
  1. Dr Edward Roddy, Clinical Research Fellow & Consultant Rheumatologist, Primary Care Musculoskeletal Research Centre, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG; e.roddy{at}cphc.keele.ac.uk

Abstract

Objectives: To assess concordance of the management of chronic gout in UK primary care with the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) gout recommendations.

Methods: A postal questionnaire was sent to all adults aged >30 years registered with two general practices. Patients with possible gout attended for clinical assessment, at which the diagnosis was verified clinically. Aspects of chronic gout management, including provision of lifestyle modification advice, use of urate-lowering therapies (ULT) including dose titration to serum urate (SUA) level, prophylaxis against acute attacks, and diuretic cessation were assessed in accordance with the EULAR recommendations.

Results: Of 4249 (32%) completed questionnaires returned, 488 reported gout or acute attacks and were invited for clinical assessment. Of 359 attendees, 164 clinically confirmed cases of gout were identified. Advice regarding alcohol consumption was recalled by 59 (41%), weight loss by 36 (25%) and diet by 42 (29%). Allopurinol was the only ULT used and was taken by 44 (30%); 31 (70%) were taking 300 mg daily. Mean SUA was lower in allopurinol users than non-users (318 vs 434 μmol/l) and was less often >360 μmol/l in allopurinol users (23% vs 75%). Eight patients had recently commenced allopurinol; two of these also were taking prophylactic colchicine or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Of 25 patients with diuretic-induced gout, 16 (64%) were still taking a diuretic.

Conclusion: Treatment of chronic gout is often suboptimal and poorly concordant with EULAR recommendations. Lifestyle advice is infrequently offered, and allopurinol is restricted to a minority. Persistent hyperuricaemia was often seen in allopurinol non-users, but was also in allopurinol users, suggesting that doses >300 mg are often necessary.

  • gout
  • primary health care
  • lifestyle risk reduction
  • allopurinol
  • EULAR recommendations

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Footnotes

  • Competing interests: We received an unrestricted grant from Ipsen, France, which contributed towards the cost of the questionnaire survey.

  • Funding: We are grateful for funding from the Arthritis Research Campaign, UK (ICAC grant 14851) and unrestricted financial support from Astra-Zeneca-UK and Glaxo-Smith-Kline-USA.

  • Abbreviations:
    ARA
    American Rheumatism Association
    EULAR
    European League Against Rheumatism
    GFR
    glomerular filtration rate
    NSAID
    non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
    SUA
    serum urate
    ULT
    urate-lowering therapies

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