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Rheumatoid factor (RF) is found commonly in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and has been associated with a more benign disease course.1,2 Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) are more specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).3–5 Several assays for ACPA detection have been developed: among others, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies3 and a line immunoassay (LIA) for antibodies to peptide A (pepA) and peptide B (pepB), two synthetic citrullinated peptides.4 Few reports exist about the presence of ACPA in SLE. Although patients with SLE are often part of the control group when determining the specificity of ACPA for RA, SLE alone is seldom studied. Mediwake et al found that 3/66 …