The authors report two cases of the articular chondrocalcinosis associated with a laboratory profile compatible with Bartter's syndrome and masked diuretic intoxication in 2 women aged 31 and 59 years. An extensive study of the literature revealed 7 similar cases. The pathogenic relationship between the two conditions could be the hypomagnesemia. 5 other reports concerning young patients presenting the association of chondrocalcinosis and hypomagnesemia, not part of Bartter's syndrome, add further support to this hypothesis. This study suggests that the serum electrolytes and the serum magnesium should be assayed routinely in cases of chondrocalcinosis, especially in young patients.